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147 lines
6.6 KiB
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147 lines
6.6 KiB
Markdown
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Set Up and Configure a Firewall with FirewallD on CentOS 7
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============================================================
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FirewallD is a firewall management tool available by default on CentOS 7 servers. Basically, it is a wrapper around iptables and it comes with graphical configuration tool firewall-config and command line tool firewall-cmd. With the iptables service, every change requires flushing of the old rules and reading the new rules from the `/etc/sysconfig/iptables` file, while with firewalld only differences are applied.
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### FirewallD zones
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FirewallD uses services and zones instead of iptables rules and chains. By default the following zones are available:
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* drop – Drop all incoming network packets with no reply, only outgoing network connections are available.
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* block – Reject all incoming network packets with an icmp-host-prohibited message, only outgoing network connections are available.
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* public – Only selected incoming connections are accepted, for use in public areas
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* external For external networks with masquerading enabled, only selected incoming connections are accepted.
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* dmz – DMZ demilitarized zone, publicly-accessible with limited access to the internal network, only selected incoming connections are accepted.
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* work – For computers in your home area, only selected incoming connections are accepted.
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* home – For computers in your home area, only selected incoming connections are accepted.
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* internal -For computers in your internal network, only selected incoming connections are accepted.
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* trusted – All network connections are accepted.
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To list all available zones run:
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```
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# firewall-cmd --get-zones
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work drop internal external trusted home dmz public block
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```
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To list the default zone:
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```
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# firewall-cmd --get-default-zone
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public
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```
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To change the default zone:
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```
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# firewall-cmd --set-default-zone=dmz
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# firewall-cmd --get-default-zone
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dmz
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```
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### FirewallD services
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FirewallD services are xml configuration files, with information of a service entry for firewalld. TO list all available services run:
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```
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# firewall-cmd --get-services
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amanda-client amanda-k5-client bacula bacula-client ceph ceph-mon dhcp dhcpv6 dhcpv6-client dns docker-registry dropbox-lansync freeipa-ldap freeipa-ldaps freeipa-replication ftp high-availability http https imap imaps ipp ipp-client ipsec iscsi-target kadmin kerberos kpasswd ldap ldaps libvirt libvirt-tls mdns mosh mountd ms-wbt mysql nfs ntp openvpn pmcd pmproxy pmwebapi pmwebapis pop3 pop3s postgresql privoxy proxy-dhcp ptp pulseaudio puppetmaster radius rpc-bind rsyncd samba samba-client sane smtp smtps snmp snmptrap squid ssh synergy syslog syslog-tls telnet tftp tftp-client tinc tor-socks transmission-client vdsm vnc-server wbem-https xmpp-bosh xmpp-client xmpp-local xmpp-server
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```
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xml configuration files are stored in the `/usr/lib/firewalld/services/` and `/etc/firewalld/services/`directories.
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### Configuring your firewall with FirewallD
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As an example, here is how you can configure your [RoseHosting VPS][6] firewall with FirewallD if you were running a web server, SSH on port 7022 and mail server.
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First we will set the default zone to dmz.
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```
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# firewall-cmd --set-default-zone=dmz
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# firewall-cmd --get-default-zone
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dmz
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```
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To add permanent service rules for HTTP and HTTPS to the dmz zone, run:
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```
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# firewall-cmd --zone=dmz --add-service=http --permanent
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# firewall-cmd --zone=dmz --add-service=https --permanent
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```
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Open port 25 (SMTP) and port 465 (SMTPS) :
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```
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firewall-cmd --zone=dmz --add-service=smtp --permanent
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firewall-cmd --zone=dmz --add-service=smtps --permanent
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```
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Open, IMAP, IMAPS, POP3 and POP3S ports:
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```
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firewall-cmd --zone=dmz --add-service=imap --permanent
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firewall-cmd --zone=dmz --add-service=imaps --permanent
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firewall-cmd --zone=dmz --add-service=pop3 --permanent
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firewall-cmd --zone=dmz --add-service=pop3s --permanent
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```
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Since the SSH port is changed to 7022, we will remove the ssh service (port 22) and open port 7022
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```
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firewall-cmd --remove-service=ssh --permanent
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firewall-cmd --add-port=7022/tcp --permanent
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```
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To implement the changes we need to reload the firewall with:
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```
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firewall-cmd --reload
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```
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Finally, you can list the rules with:
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### firewall-cmd –list-all
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```
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dmz
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target: default
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icmp-block-inversion: no
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interfaces:
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sources:
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services: http https imap imaps pop3 pop3s smtp smtps
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ports: 7022/tcp
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protocols:
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masquerade: no
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forward-ports:
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sourceports:
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icmp-blocks:
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rich rules:
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```
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* * *
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Of course, you don’t have to do any of this if you use one of our [CentOS VPS hosting][7] services, in which case you can simply ask our expert Linux admins to setup this for you. They are available 24×7 and will take care of your request immediately.
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PS. If you liked this post please share it with your friends on the social networks using the sharing buttons or simply leave a reply below. Thanks.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/set-up-and-configure-a-firewall-with-firewalld-on-centos-7/
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作者：[rosehosting.com][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/set-up-and-configure-a-firewall-with-firewalld-on-centos-7/
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[1]:https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/set-up-and-configure-a-firewall-with-firewalld-on-centos-7/
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[2]:https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/set-up-and-configure-a-firewall-with-firewalld-on-centos-7/#comments
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[3]:https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/category/tips-and-tricks/
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[4]:https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/set-up-and-configure-a-firewall-with-firewalld-on-centos-7/
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[5]:http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/set-up-and-configure-a-firewall-with-firewalld-on-centos-7/&title=Set%20Up%20and%20Configure%20a%20Firewall%20with%20FirewallD%20on%20CentOS%207&summary=FirewallD%20is%20a%20firewall%20management%20tool%20available%20by%20default%20on%20CentOS%207%20servers.%20Basically,%20it%20is%20a%20wrapper%20around%20iptables%20and%20it%20comes%20with%20graphical%20configuration%20tool%20firewall-config%20and%20command%20line%20tool%20firewall-cmd.%20With%20the%20iptables%20service,%20every%20change%20requires%20flushing%20of%20the%20old%20rules%20and%20reading%20the%20new%20rules%20...
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[6]:https://www.rosehosting.com/linux-vps-hosting.html
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[7]:https://www.rosehosting.com/centos-vps.html
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