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TranslateProject/sources/tech/20150205 Linux Basics--Assign Multiple IP Addresses To Single Network Interface Card On CentOS 7.md

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20150205-3 选题
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
Linux Basics: Assign Multiple IP Addresses To Single Network Interface Card On CentOS 7
================================================================================
Some times you might want to use more than one IP address for your network interface card. What are you going to do? Buy an extra network card and assign new IP? No, It’s not necessary(atleast in the small networks). We can now assign multiple ip addresses to single network interface card in CentOS / RHEL 7 systems. Curious to know how? Well, Follow me, It is not that difficult.
First, let us find the IP address of the network card. In my CentOS 7 server, I use only one network card.
Run the following command with root user privileges:
ip addr
Sample output:
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:80:63:19 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.150/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s3
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
As you see in the above output, my network card name is enp0s3, and its IP address is 192.168.1.150.
Well, as you may know, the the network card configuration files of your system is stored under **/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/** directory. Each cards details will be stored in different names, for example **ifcfg-enp0s3**.
Let us see the details of **ifcfg-enp0s3**.
cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3
Sample output:
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="none"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="enp0s3"
UUID="e9f9caef-cb9e-4a19-aace-767c6ee6f849"
ONBOOT="yes"
HWADDR="08:00:27:80:63:19"
IPADDR0="192.168.1.150"
PREFIX0="24"
GATEWAY0="192.168.1.1"
DNS1="192.168.1.1"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
Okay, now we will assign multiple addresses in the same subnet.
Edit file **/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3**:
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3
Add extra IP addresses one by one as shown below.
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="none"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="enp0s3"
UUID="933cdc9b-b383-4ddd-b219-5a72c69c9cf0"
ONBOOT="yes"
HWADDR="08:00:27:3F:AB:68"
IPADDR0="192.168.1.150"
IPADDR1="192.168.1.151"
IPADDR2="192.168.1.152"
PREFIX0="24"
GATEWAY0="192.168.1.1"
DNS1="192.168.1.1"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
As you see above, I have added two more IP addresses: **IPADDR1=”192.168.1.151″ & IPADDR2=”192.168.1.152″**
Like wise, you can add as many a IP addresses you want.
Finally, save and close the file. Restart network service to take effect the changes.
systemctl restart network
Now, let us check the IP addresses have been added or not.
ip addr
Sample output:
: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:3f:ab:68 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.150/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s3
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.1.151/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary enp0s3
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.1.152/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary enp0s3
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe3f:ab68/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
As you see above, the single network interface card has three IP addresses.
Let us ping the newly added IP addresses:
ping -c 4 192.168.1.151
Sample output:
PING 192.168.1.151 (192.168.1.151) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.048 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.075 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.077 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.077 ms
--- 192.168.1.151 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.048/0.069/0.077/0.013 ms
----------
ping -c 4 192.168.1.152
Sample output:
PING 192.168.1.152 (192.168.1.152) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.034 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.075 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.073 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.075 ms
--- 192.168.1.152 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.034/0.064/0.075/0.018 ms
If you want to use **different subnet**, then you can change the **PREFIX0=24** line to different subnet, such as **PREFIX1=16**.
For example, I am going to add Class A IP address(**ex.10.0.0.1**) to my network card.
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="none"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="enp0s3"
UUID="933cdc9b-b383-4ddd-b219-5a72c69c9cf0"
ONBOOT="yes"
HWADDR="08:00:27:3F:AB:68"
IPADDR0="192.168.1.150"
IPADDR1="192.168.1.151"
IPADDR2="192.168.1.152"
IPADDR3="10.0.0.1"
PREFIX0="24"
PREFIX1=16
GATEWAY0="192.168.1.1"
DNS1="192.168.1.1"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
Do you notice that I have added a Class A type address(10.0.0.1) and prefix=16.
Save and close the file. Restart network service,
Then, ping the new added IP:
ping -c 4 10.0.0.1
Sample output:
PING 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.097 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.073 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.074 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.075 ms
--- 10.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.073/0.079/0.097/0.014 ms
Similarly, you can add different Gateways too.
That’s it.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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