TranslateProject/sources/tech/20161018 An Everyday Linux User Review Of Xubuntu 16.10 - A Good Place To Start.md

translating by chao-zhi

一个日常 Linux 使用者关于 Xubuntu 16.10 的论述 - 一个开始的好选择
===============

### 简介

[![](https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-i4QOIuRjyWA/WAJ9zWbjKeI/AAAAAAAAM1U/-t0-4KB6cFgdyk3LvYbNDNiuC0dB29vRACLcB/s640/live1.png)][36]

Xubuntu 一直是我最喜欢的发行版。与其他的 Linux 发行版相比，他的外观看起来不那么迷人，它当然也不会预装所有你需要的软件。

Xubuntu 给你的仅仅是一个基础的初始形态. 

如果你是那种喜欢定制桌面的外观和触感的人，那么 XFCE 绝对是最好的桌面环境。

如果你希望低系统资源占用，或你想让工作又漂亮又丝滑，那么 XFCE 则是一个伟大的选择。

Xubuntu 之所以成为一个优秀的 Linux 发行版，就是因为他默认安装 XFCE 桌面。

毫无疑问，当涉及到硬件兼容性、易用性、稳定性、易于安装和拥有一个大型社区，Ubuntu 是很难被超越的。

Xubuntu 是 Ubuntu Linux 发行版的官方支持的，因此你可以拥有所有 Ubuntu 的优点，除了用 XFCE 桌面代替 Untiy 桌面。

你可以选择性的安装应用到你的发行版上，而不是像其他发行版那样预装了一堆你不需要的应用。

Xubuntu 只在小核心中附带了一些必须的应用，直到你找到并安装其他的应用。

对我来说，以上就是我为什么认为 Xubuntu 是一个极好的发行版的原因。一个简单的初始安装并且任由我将其自定义为我想要的样子。

### 如何获得 Xubuntu

你可以在 [http://xubuntu.org/][35] 访问 Xubuntu 的网站。

[![](https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GnYseQr9r3c/WAKA9R3hHPI/AAAAAAAAM1g/A3rvnr3W3Tk55apwsqmFs8nvr7zAMWnLACLcB/s640/getxubuntu.PNG)][34]

你可以在这里 [http://xubuntu.org/getxubuntu/][33] 找到下载页。

它有两个版本，大多数人会选择长期支持版本（LTS），除非你希望每六个月更新一次系统。

另一个版本是我今天要讲的，它就是 16.10 版。 

你既可以选择一个种子文件来下载，也可以访问他的镜像源下载。

[![](https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VBWH0CJsijM/WAKB3uDPvNI/AAAAAAAAM1k/cpigdxtjMEUQANxb6BF4efS9g7EZDFnZACLcB/s640/mirrorlist.PNG)][32]

如果你选择在镜像源中下载，你需要点击合适的 ISO 文件。比如 64 位的选择 amd-64.iso 文件，而 32 位的选择 i386.iso。

有很多教程，可以教你怎么创建一个 Linux 启动 U 盘。

*   [这是 Ubuntu 的教程，同样适用于 Xubuntu][3]
*   [你也可以试试这款针对 Xubuntu 的教程][2]
*   [或者你也可以试试这个][1]

如果这些你都觉得太复杂，你可以看看这个

 [从这买一个][31]

.

### 安装

[![](https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-4GZVmSbI3nw/WAKDyLh8UdI/AAAAAAAAM10/BhSSR0e3GkYC-5fSrjyLmhNKpuQnogbdQCLcB/s320/install1.png)][30]

与 Ubuntu 相比，安装 Xubuntu 相对要直接一点。

如果你曾经装了一个，那么你可以简单的安装任何一个。

开始时选择你的安装语言。

[![](https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-0YgUIjeTb6I/WAKECFfeOwI/AAAAAAAAM14/lyUO2P7O9WYjLgCS0i-ARAbhnvGho_71ACLcB/s320/install2.png)][29]

你会被问到，是否需要同时安装更新，和是否要安装第三方软件，包括播放音乐的软件和专有驱动。

想要完成这些，你需要联网。

相比于直接安装，他会在安装好后覆盖安装更新.

[![](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Pzt6YUVJbGY/WAKEf6QY2-I/AAAAAAAAM18/I41MoEvv_aguUX6Y9HkVLC_QnONpzyCVwCLcB/s320/install3.png)][28]

如果你有一个备用的未分配的磁盘分区和并且安装了 Windows，您将看到可以选择安装 Xubuntu 并设置双启动。

您还可以选择安装 Xubuntu 作为唯一的操作系统，你也可以选择别的任何你喜欢的分区来安装。

[![](https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-tcwOutnWJk8/WAKE5kGhPxI/AAAAAAAAM2A/9ZZrZRi6KR4renDxjwbRw8uoRqpAI8NzACLcB/s320/install4.png)][27]

下一步是设置你所在的区域以确定你的时区。

[![](https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-cCNxMeLAE-Y/WAKFQjSZe2I/AAAAAAAAM2I/ZaTKZ8DAzFg-TOfS5BkNdN1-HYlRXweYwCLcB/s320/install5.png)][26]

接下来两步是选择你的键盘模式，并选择你的语言。

[![](https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rnLEH6sBp7E/WAKFbgaxakI/AAAAAAAAM2M/-mG3lSxc41EKPQ2BnNbSmLRdgVeyT36jwCLcB/s320/install6.png)][25]

最后还是创建一个初始账户.

输入你的名字，你计算机的名字，设置用户名和密码。

Xubuntu 将会被安装在你的电脑上了。

### 第一印象

[![](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-twtmUl3w008/WAKFtvOGMuI/AAAAAAAAM2Q/txM1lfCM7QkzhLDqEqacavmAMMg2DSr0ACLcB/s640/fulldesktop.png)][24]

Xubuntu 的初始界面只有面板位于蓝色桌面的顶部。通过你桌面上的图标，你可以看到所有可用的驱动。

画面的顶部是个简单的面板。

面板的左侧角落有一个单独的图标（老鼠的样子），点击它后会出现一个时尚，轻量但功能全面的菜单，它被称为 Whisker（胡须）菜单。

在右上角有着通知、电源、蓝牙、网络、音量和时钟的图标。

### 连接互联网

[![](https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-nEvPMHkpTQ8/WAKG17nVliI/AAAAAAAAM2Y/2K6alEtBWAg9x9GS7hDEoJwprrwOqUQfwCLcB/s640/internet.png)][23]

你可以通过点击面板上的网络图标来连接互联网。一个无线网络的列表将会出现，你可以选择一个点击进去，并键入密码，就可以连接了。

我是在我的联想 Ideapad Y700 上安装 Xubuntu 的，这个本子还是比较新潮的。但是许多发行版在无线网络连接时都会报错，而我必须使用无线网络工作。

Xubuntu 16.10 工作时却没有出现任何问题。

### 驱动

[![](https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-bBGLZIp5J5k/WAKHG1w2RqI/AAAAAAAAM2c/nSISH5XFhQUfoIpXyuEUKlVqTieEi6_oACLcB/s640/nvidia.png)][22]

为你的电脑寻找可用的附加驱动是十分必要的。

虽然作为默认设置的开源驱动是基本够用的，但是如果你有着较好的显卡，并且想获得更好的图形体验，那就十分有必要去寻找专有的驱动。

你可以找到附加驱动的窗口，通过打开它来寻找附加驱动。

如果你找到了适合你的显卡驱动，但是它显示不工作，那么我还是建议你用默认的图形驱动。

### 打印

[![](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-loH1k_rWYcA/WAKICKT7YUI/AAAAAAAAM2g/01rCedfYovgesf5Cf1RlcwFVfwPwhf2JACLcB/s320/printer.png)][21]

我有一个爱普生 WF-2630 无线打印机. Xubuntu 能够直接找到这台打印机，并安装相关驱动，来进行打印工作。

我试着打印了一张纸，发现它的输出非常合适。

### 网络附加存储

[![](https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-hFDeZKOzZu4/WAKIWilPHoI/AAAAAAAAM2o/GhJBVIDfU0oPgc7Z8cvH4i4gbu_3tlOfgCLcB/s640/wdmycloud.png)][20]

我有一个 WD MyCloud 存储设备需要通过网络连接上。 

你可以通过默认的文件管理器 Thunar 来访问这个设备。值得注意的是，我在网络设备中找到了 WD MyCloud 设备，但是点击它时显示错误。

但是我打开 Windows 的网络文件夹时，WD MyCloud 也显示出来了，而且我也能正常的访问文件夹

### 软件

[![](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nPqWKUsDVoI/WAKJTxLDxUI/AAAAAAAAM2w/8LoOvhNltV8IQtSoyN_oPWjjKyV1bTMyACLcB/s640/whynotfirefox.png)][19]

我在文章开始时提到了，Xubuntu 给了一个最小化的应用程序配置，所以几乎所有事情你都可以直接开始。

火狐浏览器是它的默认浏览器，Thunderbird 是默认的邮件客户端

[![](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Tw2PlooCqVU/WAKJznZu2DI/AAAAAAAAM20/E0RDAQKPxNY6l0TF10s2Yo9ge-LToZFtQCLcB/s640/parole.png)][18]

你也有一个全套的 Libreoffice 套件和 Parole 媒体播放器。

There are a host of other tools such as an image viewer, calculator, disk burning software and a bittorrent client.

[![](https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-jDTpUNkQLYA/WAKKLPYyIEI/AAAAAAAAM24/0hcjRSnQonIdhnb1Knq1gMu_2i3bWo3ZQCLcB/s640/imageviewer.png)][17]

I am glad that Abiword and Gnumeric have largely been omitted from most major distributions nowadays because they are both fairly irrelevant. Most people end up installing LibreOffice anyway.

The lack of a dedicated audio player is a little bit surprising and I have to say that I generally end up installing Google's Chrome browser as opposed to using Firefox.

The top picture in this section shows why. In that picture I am trying to watch Curb Your Enthusiam via the Google Play store but there were various DRM and other issues which prevented the video playing.

I can't be bothered jumping through hoops to bypass these issues when a simple download from the Google website sorts out the issue as shown below.

[![](https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_aqn8leBcuY/WAKLOAzAhnI/AAAAAAAAM3A/yruGYEG0PHc4WRAqRjeVoYxjhVlHiIfCwCLcB/s640/Screenshot_2016-10-15_17-57-28.png)][16]

### Installing Software

[![](https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6kjAgQV6Oss/WAKLhFbihcI/AAAAAAAAM3E/TLeK0xPexNEaxdzb_NkPn_BDDxOoTR2-gCLcB/s640/software.png)][15]

The main issue that has plagued Ubuntu based distributions since the release of 16.04 is the fact that certain applications don't appear in the graphical software tool used to install software.

For instance you won't find Steam in the software manager.

[![](https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4e1ozcMoijU/WAKL2Gp5C1I/AAAAAAAAM3I/VY7XBvxOLCkiK-UdSvypfQFnrkfCtt3rwCLcB/s640/steamnotinsoftware.png)][14]

If you use the command line and type "sudo apt-cache search steam" you will see that the software is available to be installed.

[![](https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rzTMI5a6EAE/WAKMFfDi-2I/AAAAAAAAM3Q/1-l612iZmSEYY188kfyzKo5s75nFWSz6ACLcB/s640/steaminaptget.png)][13]

Steam isn't the only omission, other packages such as Skype are also not available via the graphical tool. 

I would have expected this to have been resolved by now across all Ubuntu distributions.

I reviewed Kubuntu 16.04 recently and the software tool called Discover was completely inept. The search function didn't work at all.

Fortunately the software manager in Xubuntu generally works for most packages and I used it to search for and install the Quod Libet audio player.

[![](https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-l_INcXhflac/WAKMqz8mYtI/AAAAAAAAM3U/qBNl5YO8VOEMndpZm5IEMYOGYrih_Q4DQCLcB/s640/quodlibet.png)][12]

[![](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-erNT96pq67c/WAKM-331qKI/AAAAAAAAM3Y/jbnf5cZbFxgM9Q543XA3bFDqQ91MkmpJACLcB/s320/music.png)][11]

Incidentally if you picked the option to install codecs whilst installing Xubuntu then MP3 audio will play without any issues.

If not then you should open a terminal emulator and install the Xubuntu Restricted Extras package.

### Customising Xubuntu

[![](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MlFCGvvjSe8/WAKNdG8i6SI/AAAAAAAAM3g/6g7WNJbmZX856kp4ezO56boIWbGLRLMdQCLcB/s320/changewallpaper.png)][10]

There are so many things you can do to

 [customise Xubuntu as shown here][9]

.

Xubuntu comes with a decent set of wallpapers as shown above and one of the first things you might like to do is change the wallpaper and add a new docking style panel with launchers to all of your favourite applications.

[![](https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-h_HRUcMTYu0/WAKN7J_0BJI/AAAAAAAAM3k/NKy7ybXZCEM23IK0Nkjp-TDo2PQ1ff4bQCLcB/s640/newwallpaper.png)][8]

A relatively new feature available for Xubuntu is the XFDashboard. This brings up a dashboard similar to the one supplied with the GNOME desktop. You can add a launcher and keyboard shortcut to make it appear.

[![](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZCmwHtAahH0/WAKORXPnNFI/AAAAAAAAM3o/lKR4bnEbi-syQdMp_KoCb8xQAd4WTP5dgCLcB/s640/xfdashboard.png)][7]

This view provides a nice way of choosing different workspaces and launching applications.

To be honest when it comes to customising Xubuntu the world is your oyster. 

[![](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lXhn0cuCoe8/WAKOmpBZc6I/AAAAAAAAM3w/1C3ljgPegr887xG5O5A0-0RBPAQlA3qHACLcB/s640/finalcustomisation.png)][6]

### Issues

My biggest issue with Xubuntu (along with all of the Ubuntu distributions) is the lack of key software programs in the graphical software installer. Why omit Steam?

I received one crash whilst using Xubuntu and that was during the installation as shown by the following image:

[![](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-saCiLJ-LXiU/WAKPh4EbsKI/AAAAAAAAM34/Cb28FoR-xZYeXd5lmbyOfbK1MuFIr_wmQCLcB/s640/installproblem.png)][5]

I have no idea what the problem was because it didn't actually have any side effects. The installation worked without a hitch.

### Summary

I don't review Xubuntu that often and it isn't because I don't like Xubuntu. In fact I am a big fan of Xubuntu and I have a heavily customised version on one of my other computers. 

I use that computer when I want to get things done because lets face it there is nothing more annoying than seeing this:

[![](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GX3xYYXeTfY/WAKTRbvHv0I/AAAAAAAAM4Q/NzN8PfAOHGouj6z7-TPLyC18e_TXhCukACLcB/s640/IMG_20161015_163354-min.jpg)][4]

Seriously how can people say Windows just works when it seems that every other day the message "installing 1 of 285" appears and you lose your computer for an hour whilst it updates itself.

Xubuntu (as with every other distribution) updates without interrupting your day at all.

The truth is that nothing much really changes with Xubuntu. It is solid, steady and it doesn't need to change (except fot the software manager thing).

I would totally recommend Xubuntu.

I have to say that it is worth also checking out Peppermint OS, Linux Mint XFCE or Manjaro XFCE as well.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

via: http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2016/10/an-everyday-linux-user-review-of_15.html

作者：[Gary Newell][a]

译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/chao-zhi)

校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)

本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

[a]: http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2016/10/an-everyday-linux-user-review-of_15.html
[1]:http://www.everydaylinuxuser.com/2015/11/how-to-create-ubuntu-1510-usb-drive.html
[2]:http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/How-To-Create-A-Persistent-Bootable-Xubuntu-Linux-USB-Drive.htm
[3]:http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/How-To-Create-A-UEFI-Bootable-Ubuntu-USB-Drive-Using-Windows.htm#step2
[4]:https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GX3xYYXeTfY/WAKTRbvHv0I/AAAAAAAAM4Q/NzN8PfAOHGouj6z7-TPLyC18e_TXhCukACLcB/s1600/IMG_20161015_163354-min.jpg
[5]:https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-saCiLJ-LXiU/WAKPh4EbsKI/AAAAAAAAM34/Cb28FoR-xZYeXd5lmbyOfbK1MuFIr_wmQCLcB/s1600/installproblem.png
[6]:https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lXhn0cuCoe8/WAKOmpBZc6I/AAAAAAAAM3w/1C3ljgPegr887xG5O5A0-0RBPAQlA3qHACLcB/s1600/finalcustomisation.png
[7]:https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZCmwHtAahH0/WAKORXPnNFI/AAAAAAAAM3o/lKR4bnEbi-syQdMp_KoCb8xQAd4WTP5dgCLcB/s1600/xfdashboard.png
[8]:https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-h_HRUcMTYu0/WAKN7J_0BJI/AAAAAAAAM3k/NKy7ybXZCEM23IK0Nkjp-TDo2PQ1ff4bQCLcB/s1600/newwallpaper.png
[9]:http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/Customise-The-XFCE-Desktop-Environment.htm
[10]:https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MlFCGvvjSe8/WAKNdG8i6SI/AAAAAAAAM3g/6g7WNJbmZX856kp4ezO56boIWbGLRLMdQCLcB/s1600/changewallpaper.png
[11]:https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-erNT96pq67c/WAKM-331qKI/AAAAAAAAM3Y/jbnf5cZbFxgM9Q543XA3bFDqQ91MkmpJACLcB/s1600/music.png
[12]:https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-l_INcXhflac/WAKMqz8mYtI/AAAAAAAAM3U/qBNl5YO8VOEMndpZm5IEMYOGYrih_Q4DQCLcB/s1600/quodlibet.png
[13]:https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rzTMI5a6EAE/WAKMFfDi-2I/AAAAAAAAM3Q/1-l612iZmSEYY188kfyzKo5s75nFWSz6ACLcB/s1600/steaminaptget.png
[14]:https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4e1ozcMoijU/WAKL2Gp5C1I/AAAAAAAAM3I/VY7XBvxOLCkiK-UdSvypfQFnrkfCtt3rwCLcB/s1600/steamnotinsoftware.png
[15]:https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6kjAgQV6Oss/WAKLhFbihcI/AAAAAAAAM3E/TLeK0xPexNEaxdzb_NkPn_BDDxOoTR2-gCLcB/s1600/software.png
[16]:https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_aqn8leBcuY/WAKLOAzAhnI/AAAAAAAAM3A/yruGYEG0PHc4WRAqRjeVoYxjhVlHiIfCwCLcB/s1600/Screenshot_2016-10-15_17-57-28.png
[17]:https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-jDTpUNkQLYA/WAKKLPYyIEI/AAAAAAAAM24/0hcjRSnQonIdhnb1Knq1gMu_2i3bWo3ZQCLcB/s1600/imageviewer.png
[18]:https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Tw2PlooCqVU/WAKJznZu2DI/AAAAAAAAM20/E0RDAQKPxNY6l0TF10s2Yo9ge-LToZFtQCLcB/s1600/parole.png
[19]:https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nPqWKUsDVoI/WAKJTxLDxUI/AAAAAAAAM2w/8LoOvhNltV8IQtSoyN_oPWjjKyV1bTMyACLcB/s1600/whynotfirefox.png
[20]:https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-hFDeZKOzZu4/WAKIWilPHoI/AAAAAAAAM2o/GhJBVIDfU0oPgc7Z8cvH4i4gbu_3tlOfgCLcB/s1600/wdmycloud.png
[21]:https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-loH1k_rWYcA/WAKICKT7YUI/AAAAAAAAM2g/01rCedfYovgesf5Cf1RlcwFVfwPwhf2JACLcB/s1600/printer.png
[22]:https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-bBGLZIp5J5k/WAKHG1w2RqI/AAAAAAAAM2c/nSISH5XFhQUfoIpXyuEUKlVqTieEi6_oACLcB/s1600/nvidia.png
[23]:https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-nEvPMHkpTQ8/WAKG17nVliI/AAAAAAAAM2Y/2K6alEtBWAg9x9GS7hDEoJwprrwOqUQfwCLcB/s1600/internet.png
[24]:https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-twtmUl3w008/WAKFtvOGMuI/AAAAAAAAM2Q/txM1lfCM7QkzhLDqEqacavmAMMg2DSr0ACLcB/s1600/fulldesktop.png
[25]:https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rnLEH6sBp7E/WAKFbgaxakI/AAAAAAAAM2M/-mG3lSxc41EKPQ2BnNbSmLRdgVeyT36jwCLcB/s1600/install6.png
[26]:https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-cCNxMeLAE-Y/WAKFQjSZe2I/AAAAAAAAM2I/ZaTKZ8DAzFg-TOfS5BkNdN1-HYlRXweYwCLcB/s1600/install5.png
[27]:https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-tcwOutnWJk8/WAKE5kGhPxI/AAAAAAAAM2A/9ZZrZRi6KR4renDxjwbRw8uoRqpAI8NzACLcB/s1600/install4.png
[28]:https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Pzt6YUVJbGY/WAKEf6QY2-I/AAAAAAAAM18/I41MoEvv_aguUX6Y9HkVLC_QnONpzyCVwCLcB/s1600/install3.png
[29]:https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-0YgUIjeTb6I/WAKECFfeOwI/AAAAAAAAM14/lyUO2P7O9WYjLgCS0i-ARAbhnvGho_71ACLcB/s1600/install2.png
[30]:https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-4GZVmSbI3nw/WAKDyLh8UdI/AAAAAAAAM10/BhSSR0e3GkYC-5fSrjyLmhNKpuQnogbdQCLcB/s1600/install1.png
[31]:https://www.osdisc.com/products/xubuntu?affiliate=everydaylinuxuser
[32]:https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VBWH0CJsijM/WAKB3uDPvNI/AAAAAAAAM1k/cpigdxtjMEUQANxb6BF4efS9g7EZDFnZACLcB/s1600/mirrorlist.PNG
[33]:http://xubuntu.org/getxubuntu/
[34]:https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GnYseQr9r3c/WAKA9R3hHPI/AAAAAAAAM1g/A3rvnr3W3Tk55apwsqmFs8nvr7zAMWnLACLcB/s1600/getxubuntu.PNG
[35]:http://xubuntu.org/
[36]:https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-i4QOIuRjyWA/WAJ9zWbjKeI/AAAAAAAAM1U/-t0-4KB6cFgdyk3LvYbNDNiuC0dB29vRACLcB/s1600/live1.png