mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2025-01-01 21:50:13 +08:00
127 lines
6.4 KiB
Markdown
127 lines
6.4 KiB
Markdown
|
qhwdw is translating
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
LinuxBoot for Servers: Enter Open Source, Goodbye Proprietary UEFI
|
|||
|
|
============================================================
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[LinuxBoot][13] is an Open Source [alternative][14] to Proprietary [UEFI][15] firmware. It was released last year and is now being increasingly preferred by leading hardware manufacturers as default firmware. Last year, LinuxBoot was warmly [welcomed][16]into the Open Source family by The Linux Foundation.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
This project was an initiative by Ron Minnich, author of LinuxBIOS and lead of [coreboot][17] at Google, in January 2017.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Google, Facebook, [Horizon Computing Solutions][18], and [Two Sigma][19] collaborated together to develop the [LinuxBoot project][20] (formerly called [NERF][21]) for server machines based on Linux.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Its openness allows Server users to easily customize their own boot scripts, fix issues, build their own [runtimes][22] and [reflash their firmware][23] with their own keys. They do not need to wait for vendor updates.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Following is a video of [Ubuntu Xenial][24] booting for the first time with NERF BIOS:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[视频](https://youtu.be/HBkZAN3xkJg)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Let’s talk about some other advantages by comparing it to UEFI in terms of Server hardware.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Advantages of LinuxBoot over UEFI
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Here are some of the major advantages of LinuxBoot over UEFI:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Significantly faster startup
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
It can boot up Server boards in less than twenty seconds, versus multiple minutes on UEFI.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Significantly more flexible
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
LinuxBoot can make use of any devices, filesystems and protocols that Linux supports.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Potentially more secure
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Linux device drivers and filesystems have significantly more scrutiny than through UEFI.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
We can argue that UEFI is partly open with [EDK II][25] and LinuxBoot is partly closed. But it has been [addressed][26] that even such EDK II code does not have the proper level of inspection and correctness as the [Linux Kernel][27] goes through, while there is a huge amount of other Closed Source components within UEFI development.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
On the other hand, LinuxBoot has a significantly smaller amount of binaries with only a few hundred KB, compared to the 32 MB of UEFI binaries.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
To be precise, LinuxBoot fits a whole lot better into the [Trusted Computing Base][28], unlike UEFI.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[Suggested readBest Free and Open Source Alternatives to Adobe Products for Linux][29]
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
LinuxBoot has a [kexec][30] based bootloader which does not support startup on Windows/non-Linux kernels, but that is insignificant since most clouds are Linux-based Servers.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### LinuxBoot adoption
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
In 2011, the [Open Compute Project][31] was started by [Facebook][32] who [open-sourced][33] designs of some of their Servers, built to make its data centers more efficient. LinuxBoot has been tested on a few Open Compute Hardware listed as under:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
* Winterfell
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
* Leopard
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
* Tioga Pass
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
More [OCP][34] hardware are described [here][35] in brief. The OCP Foundation runs a dedicated project on firmware through [Open System Firmware][36].
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Some other devices that support LinuxBoot are:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
* [QEMU][9] emulated [Q35][10] systems
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
* [Intel S2600wf][11]
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
* [Dell R630][12]
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Last month end, [Equus Compute Solutions][37] [announced][38] the release of its [WHITEBOX OPEN™][39] M2660 and M2760 Servers, as a part of their custom, cost-optimized Open-Hardware Servers and storage platforms. Both of them support LinuxBoot to customize the Server BIOS for flexibility, improved security, and create a blazingly fast booting experience.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### What do you think of LinuxBoot?
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
LinuxBoot is quite well documented [on GitHub][40]. Do you like the features that set it apart from UEFI? Would you prefer using LinuxBoot rather than UEFI for starting up Servers, owing to the former’s open-ended development and future? Let us know in the comments below.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
via: https://itsfoss.com/linuxboot-uefi/
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
作者：[ Avimanyu Bandyopadhyay][a]
|
|||
|
|
选题：[oska874][b]
|
|||
|
|
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
|||
|
|
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[a]:https://itsfoss.com/author/avimanyu/
|
|||
|
|
[b]:https://github.com/oska874
|
|||
|
|
[1]:https://itsfoss.com/linuxboot-uefi/#
|
|||
|
|
[2]:https://itsfoss.com/linuxboot-uefi/#
|
|||
|
|
[3]:https://itsfoss.com/linuxboot-uefi/#
|
|||
|
|
[4]:https://itsfoss.com/linuxboot-uefi/#
|
|||
|
|
[5]:https://itsfoss.com/linuxboot-uefi/#
|
|||
|
|
[6]:https://itsfoss.com/linuxboot-uefi/#
|
|||
|
|
[7]:https://itsfoss.com/author/avimanyu/
|
|||
|
|
[8]:https://itsfoss.com/linuxboot-uefi/#comments
|
|||
|
|
[9]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QEMU
|
|||
|
|
[10]:https://wiki.qemu.org/Features/Q35
|
|||
|
|
[11]:https://trmm.net/S2600
|
|||
|
|
[12]:https://trmm.net/NERF#Installing_on_a_Dell_R630
|
|||
|
|
[13]:https://www.linuxboot.org/
|
|||
|
|
[14]:https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=LinuxBoot-OSFC-2018-State
|
|||
|
|
[15]:https://itsfoss.com/check-uefi-or-bios/
|
|||
|
|
[16]:https://www.linuxfoundation.org/blog/2018/01/system-startup-gets-a-boost-with-new-linuxboot-project/
|
|||
|
|
[17]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coreboot
|
|||
|
|
[18]:http://www.horizon-computing.com/
|
|||
|
|
[19]:https://www.twosigma.com/
|
|||
|
|
[20]:https://trmm.net/LinuxBoot_34c3
|
|||
|
|
[21]:https://trmm.net/NERF
|
|||
|
|
[22]:https://trmm.net/LinuxBoot_34c3#Runtimes
|
|||
|
|
[23]:http://www.tech-faq.com/flashing-firmware.html
|
|||
|
|
[24]:https://itsfoss.com/features-ubuntu-1604/
|
|||
|
|
[25]:https://www.tianocore.org/
|
|||
|
|
[26]:https://media.ccc.de/v/34c3-9056-bringing_linux_back_to_server_boot_roms_with_nerf_and_heads
|
|||
|
|
[27]:https://medium.com/@bhumikagoyal/linux-kernel-development-cycle-52b4c55be06e
|
|||
|
|
[28]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_computing_base
|
|||
|
|
[29]:https://itsfoss.com/adobe-alternatives-linux/
|
|||
|
|
[30]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kexec
|
|||
|
|
[31]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Compute_Project
|
|||
|
|
[32]:https://github.com/facebook
|
|||
|
|
[33]:https://github.com/opencomputeproject
|
|||
|
|
[34]:https://www.networkworld.com/article/3266293/lan-wan/what-is-the-open-compute-project.html
|
|||
|
|
[35]:http://hyperscaleit.com/ocp-server-hardware/
|
|||
|
|
[36]:https://www.opencompute.org/projects/open-system-firmware
|
|||
|
|
[37]:https://www.equuscs.com/
|
|||
|
|
[38]:http://www.dcvelocity.com/products/Software_-_Systems/20180924-equus-compute-solutions-introduces-whitebox-open-m2660-and-m2760-servers/
|
|||
|
|
[39]:https://www.equuscs.com/servers/whitebox-open/
|
|||
|
|
[40]:https://github.com/linuxboot/linuxboot
|