Swift 是[ Apple 在 2015 年启动该编程语言不久之后就开源的][17]。Swift 已经成为 iOS 和 Mac OS X 开发人员的热门话题。这种语言很容易理解，因此很快流行起来，并且它比它要取代的语言 - Objective-C 和 C++ 赢得了一个[更安全的声誉][18]。在[ JavaScript 框架][19]和其他新语言的世界中，Swift 是否成功仍有待观察，但如果它继续获得苹果忠实用户的欢迎，Swift 将有机会成为伟大的网络世界中有望成功的竞争者和超越者。
The advent of Java 8's functional capability—namely the introduction of Lambdas—has put JVM languages like Scala and Clojure on notice. Recently, due in large part to the growth of Apache Spark, Scala was having a bit of a growth spurt. Now both Scala and Clojure are seeming to be set aside, at least for the moment, as long-time and new developers alike take a hard look at what Java 8 brings to the table. Java is now able to address concurrency and big data concerns that other programming languages specifically built to address these requirements have been doing for years. In 2017, OSCON is nearly devoid of both Scala and Clojure, not by design, but by seemingly little interest from potential speakers who submitted proposals.
And as usual, there are always more up and coming languages on the horizon intended to do something better than those that came before them, that can answer needs that weren't around when previous languages were born, or that simply start out as a crazy idea and end up changing how we think about programming. This year five languages are on the verge of making it into the big time: Rust, Elixir, Elm, Kotlin, and Perl 6.
What do the hot five bring to the industry?
Rust: Systems programming at speed and more than a modicum of safety.
Elixir: Functional, dynamic, and fault-tolerant for those larger and larger-scale apps.
Elm: More functional fun that plays with JavaScript, leaning increasingly toward being a pleasure to use.
Kotlin: This one is for the Java and JVM folks—statically typed, safe, and did I mention Java compatible?
Perl 6: It lives! Perl 6 happens to be a new language that is expressive and feature-rich for the win.
