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110 lines
5.5 KiB
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如何在Ubuntu和CentOS上启用Nginx的HTTP/2协议
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===
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HTTP/2是HTTP网络协议的主要修订版本，它专注于HTTP协议的性能改进。HTTP/2协议的目标是减少延迟，并且允许在Web浏览器和服务器之间发起多个并发请求，因此Web应用程序会更快。在本篇教程中，我们将像你展示如何在安装有Ubuntu或CentOS作为操作系统的Linux VPS上使用开启Nginx的HTTP/2协议。如果你使用Apache，你可以查看我们的另一篇教程：[如何在Ubuntu上开启Apache的HTTP/2协议][6]。
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### 必备条件
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为了能够按照本篇教程最终在服务器上启用HTTP/2协议，你需要先安装好 [Nginx][7] 。并且确保功能正常而且配置没有错误。你可以使用下面的命令来检查一下：
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```
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sudo nginx -t
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```
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此外，你需要有服务器的root访问权限，或者至少有一个具有sudo权限的非root系统用户，以便你在修改Nginx配置文件的时候不会出现权限问题。最后你需要有一个[域名][8]和一个颁发给这个域名的有效的[SSL证书][9]。
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### 在Ubuntu上开启Nginx的HTTP/2协议
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为了在[Ubuntu VPS][10]上开启Nginx的HTTP/2协议，你需要编辑默认的Nginx的服务块，我们使用的是 `nano`，你可以使用你自己的文本编辑器。
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```
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sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
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```
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增加下面的服务块:
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```
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server {
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server_name domain.com www.domain.com;
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listen 443 ssl http2 default_server;
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root /var/www/html;
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index index.html;
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location / {
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try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
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}
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ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/domain.com.crt;
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ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/domain.com.key;
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}
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server {
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listen 80;
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server_name domain.com www.domain.com;
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return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
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}
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```
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确保 `domain.com` 被你真正的域名替换掉了。 此外，应正确设置文档根目录，还有SSL证书和密钥的路径。
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当你编辑完成这个服务块之后，需要保存并关闭文件。使用以下命令检查Nginx配置是否有错误：
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```
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sudo nginx -t
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```
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为了刚刚的改变生效，需要重启Nginx：
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```
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sudo systemctl restart nginx.service
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```
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如果你想为另一个域名开启HTTP/2协议，你可以查看我们的博客[如何在Ubuntu和CentOS上设置Nginx服务块][11]。
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### 在CentOS上开启Nginx的HTTP/2协议
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为了在[CentOS VPS][12] 开启Nginx的HTTP/2协议，你需要按照Ubuntu上完全相同的步骤做。唯一的不同点是Nginx块文件的位置。为了在CentOS上编辑默认的Nginx服务块，你需要进入`/etc/nginx/conf.d` 这个文件夹。
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```
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# nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
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```
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再次检查配置是否有错误，保存并关闭文件，然后使用以下命令重新启动Nginx服务：
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```
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# systemctl restart nginx.service
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```
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为了检测Nginx的HTTP/2协议是否开启成功，你可以使用一些[在线HTTP/2检测工具][13]。
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当然如果你使用我们的[Linux VPS主机][14]服务，在这种情况下你可以简易地要求我们的专家级的Linux管理员帮助你在你的服务器上启用Nginx的HTTP/2协议。他们提供7×24小时的服务，并且会很快关注的你要求。
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PS：如果你喜欢这篇文章，请使用下面的按钮分享给你社交网络上的朋友们，或者发表一下评论。谢谢。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/how-to-enable-http2-in-nginx-on-ubuntu-and-centos/
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作者：[rosehosting.com][a]
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译者：[Flowsnow](https://github.com/Flowsnow)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/how-to-enable-http2-in-nginx-on-ubuntu-and-centos/
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[1]: https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/how-to-enable-http2-in-nginx-on-ubuntu-and-centos/
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[2]: https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/how-to-enable-http2-in-nginx-on-ubuntu-and-centos/#comments
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[3]: https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/category/tutorials/
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[4]: https://plus.google.com/share?url=https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/how-to-enable-http2-in-nginx-on-ubuntu-and-centos/
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[5]: http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/how-to-enable-http2-in-nginx-on-ubuntu-and-centos/&title=How%20to%20Enable%20HTTP%2F2%20in%20Nginx%20on%20Ubuntu%20and%20CentOS&summary=HTTP/2%20is%20a%20major%20revision%20of%20the%20HTTP%20network%20protocol%20and%20it%20focuses%20on%20performance%20improvements.%20Its%20goal%20is%20to%20reduce%20the%20latency%20as%20well%20as%20to%20make%20the%20web%20applications%20faster%20by%20allowing%20multiple%20concurrent%20requests%20between%20the%20web%20browser%20and%20the%20server%20across%20a%20single%20TCP%20connection.%20In%20...
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[6]: https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/how-to-set-up-apache-with-http2-support-on-ubuntu-16-04/
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[7]: https://www.rosehosting.com/nginx-hosting.html
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[8]: https://secure.rosehosting.com/clientarea/index.php?/checkdomain/domain-registration/
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[9]: https://www.rosehosting.com/ssl-certificates.html
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[10]: https://www.rosehosting.com/ubuntu-vps.html
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[11]: https://www.rosehosting.com/blog/how-to-set-up-nginx-server-blocks-on-ubuntu-and-centos/
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[12]: https://www.rosehosting.com/centos-vps.html
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[13]: https://www.rosehosting.com/network-tools/http2-support.html
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[14]: https://www.rosehosting.com/linux-vps-hosting.html
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