mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2024-12-26 21:30:55 +08:00
145 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
145 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
|
Linux 系统实时监控的瑞士军刀 —— Glances
|
|||
|
|
================================================================================
|
|||
|
|
早些时候，我们提到过有很多可以用来监视系统性能的 Linux [系统监视工具][1]。
|
|||
|
|
但我们估计，或许更多的用户会倾向与基本每个 Linux 发行版都在带的工具 (**top** 命令)。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[top 命令]是 Linux 下的一个实时任务管理器，
|
|||
|
|
同时也是为了在 **GNU/Linux** 发行版中寻找系统性能方面的瓶颈，并帮助我们作出正确操作的常用系统监视工具。
|
|||
|
|
她有着一个很为简洁的界面，并自带少量的且可以帮助我们快速了解系统性能的实用选项。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
但是呢，有些时候想要通过她寻找一个占用系统资源比较大的应用或进程可能会比较困难。
|
|||
|
|
因为 top 命令本身并不能帮助我们高亮那些吃太多 **CPU**，**内存**，或者其他资源的程序。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
为了达到这个目标，这里我们将介绍一款超牛逼的系统监视程序 —— **Glances**。
|
|||
|
|
她可以自动高亮利用最高系统资源的程序，并为 Linux/Unix 服务器提供尽可能多的信息。
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### What is Glances? ###
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
**Glances** is a cross-platform command-line curses-based system monitoring tool written in **Python** language which use the **psutil** library to grab informations from the system. With Glance, we can monitor **CPU, Load Average, Memory, Network Interfaces, Disk I/O, Processes** and **File System** spaces utilization.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Glances is a free tool and licensed under **GPL** to monitory **GNU/Linux** and **FreeBSD** operating systems. There are lots of interesting options available in Glances as well. One of the main features we have seen in Glances is that we can set thresholds (**careful**, **warning** and **critical**) in configuration file and informations will be shown in colors which indicates the bottleneck in the system.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Glances Features ###
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- CPU Informations (user related applications, system core programs and idle programs.
|
|||
|
|
- Total memory Information including RAM, Swap, Free memory etc.
|
|||
|
|
- The average CPU load for the past 1min, 5mins and 15 mins.
|
|||
|
|
- Network Download/Upload rates of network connections.
|
|||
|
|
- Total number of processes, active ones, sleeping processes etc.
|
|||
|
|
- Disk I/O related (read or write) speed details
|
|||
|
|
- Currently mounted devices disk usages.
|
|||
|
|
- Top processes with their CPU/Memory usages, Names and location of application.
|
|||
|
|
- Shows the current date and time at bottom.
|
|||
|
|
- Highlights processes in Red that consumes highest system resources.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Here is an example screen grab of Glances.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Installation of Glances in Linux/Unix Systems ###
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Although it’s a very young utility, you can install “**Glances**” in **Red Hat** based systems by turning on [EPEL repository][3] and then run the following command on the terminal.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### On RHEL/CentOS/Fedora ####
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
# yum install -y glances
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
#### On Debian/Ubuntu/Linux Mint ####
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
$ sudo apt-add-repository ppa:arnaud-hartmann/glances-stable
|
|||
|
|
$ sudo apt-get update
|
|||
|
|
$ sudo apt-get install glances
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Usage of Glances ###
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
To start, issue the basic syntax on the terminal.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
# glances
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Press ‘**q**‘ or (‘**ESC**‘ or ‘**Ctrl&C**‘ also works) to quit from Glances terminal. Here, is the another screen grab taken from the **CentOS 6.5** system.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
y default, interval time is set to ’**1**‘ second. But you can define the custom interval time while running glances from the terminal.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
# glances -t 2
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Glances Color Codes ###
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Meaning of Glances color code:
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- GREEN: OK (everything is fine)
|
|||
|
|
- BLUE: CAREFUL (need attention)
|
|||
|
|
- VIOLET: WARNING (alert)
|
|||
|
|
- RED: CRITICAL (critical)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
We can set thresholds in configuration file. By default thresholds set is (**careful=50, warning=7**0 and **critical=90**), we can customized as per our needs. The default configuration file is located at ‘**/etc/glances/glances.conf**’.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Glances Options ###
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Besides, several command line options, glances provides many more **hot keys** to find output information while glances is running. Below are the list of several hot keys.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
- a – Sort processes automatically
|
|||
|
|
- c – Sort processes by CPU%
|
|||
|
|
- m – Sort processes by MEM%
|
|||
|
|
- p – Sort processes by name
|
|||
|
|
- i – Sort processes by I/O rate
|
|||
|
|
- d – Show/hide disk I/O stats ols
|
|||
|
|
- f – Show/hide file system statshddtemp
|
|||
|
|
- n – Show/hide network stats
|
|||
|
|
- s – Show/hide sensors stats
|
|||
|
|
- y – Show/hide hddtemp stats
|
|||
|
|
- l – Show/hide logs
|
|||
|
|
- b – Bytes or bits for network I/Oools
|
|||
|
|
- w – Delete warning logs
|
|||
|
|
- x – Delete warning and critical logs
|
|||
|
|
- x – Delete warning and critical logs
|
|||
|
|
- 1 – Global CPU or per-CPU stats
|
|||
|
|
- h – Show/hide this help screen
|
|||
|
|
- t – View network I/O as combination
|
|||
|
|
- u – View cumulative network I/O
|
|||
|
|
- q – Quit (Esc and Ctrl-C also work)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Use Glances on Remote Systems ###
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
With the Glances, you can even monitor remote systems too. To use ‘**glances**‘ on remote systems, run the ‘**glances -s**‘ (-s enables server/client mode) command on the server.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
# glances -s
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Define the password for the Glances server
|
|||
|
|
Password:
|
|||
|
|
Password (confirm):
|
|||
|
|
Glances server is running on 0.0.0.0:61209
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
**Note** : Once, you issue ‘**glances**‘ command, it will prompt you to define the password for the Glances server. Define the password and hit enter, you see glances running on port **61209**.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Now, go to the remote host and execute the following command to connect to a Glances server by specifying IP address or hostname as shown below. Here ‘**172.16.27.56**‘ is my glances server IP Address.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
# glances -c -P 172.16.27.56
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
Below are few notable points that user must know while using glances in server/client mode.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
* In server mode, you can set the bind address -B ADDRESS and listening TCP port -p PORT.
|
|||
|
|
* In client mode, you can set the TCP port of the server -p PORT.
|
|||
|
|
* Default binding address is 0.0.0.0, but it listens on all network interfaces at port 61209.
|
|||
|
|
* In server/client mode, limits are set by the server side.
|
|||
|
|
* You can also define a password to access to the server -P password.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
### Conclusion ###
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
**Glances** is a much resources friendly tool for most users. But if you’re a system administrator who’d like to quickly get overall “idea” about systems by just glancing at command line, then this tool will be must have tool for system administrators.
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
via: http://www.tecmint.com/glances-an-advanced-real-time-system-monitoring-tool-for-linux/
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/command-line-tools-to-monitor-linux-performance/
|
|||
|
|
[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/12-top-command-examples-in-linux/
|
|||
|
|
[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/how-to-enable-epel-repository-for-rhel-centos-6-5/
|