2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
2021-01-12 22:29:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[#]: translator: (stevenzdg988)
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
|
|
|
|
[#]: url: ( )
|
|
|
|
|
[#]: subject: (Printing from the Linux command line)
|
|
|
|
|
[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3373502/printing-from-the-linux-command-line.html)
|
|
|
|
|
[#]: author: (Sandra Henry-Stocker https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
从 Linux 命令行进行打印
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
======
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
> 在 Linux 命令行进行打印的内容比单单一个 `lp` 命令多得多,让我们来看一些可用选项。
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
![Sherry \(CC BY 2.0\)][1]
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Linux 命令行打印很容易。你可以使用 `lp` 命令来请求打印,并使用 `lpq` 命令来查看队列中有哪些打印作业,但是当你要双面打印或使用纵向模式时,这些会变得有些复杂。你可能还需要做很多其他事情,例如打印多份文档副本或取消打印作业。让我们来看看一些选项,当你从命令行打印时,如何让你的打印输出看起来如你所愿。
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-12 22:29:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### 显示打印机配置
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
要从命令行查看打印机设置,请使用 `lpoptions` 命令。 输出应如下所示:
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lpoptions
|
|
|
|
|
copies=1 device-uri=dnssd://HP%20Color%20LaserJet%20CP2025dn%20(F47468)._pdl-datastream._tcp.local/ finishings=3 job-cancel-after=10800 job-hold-until=no-hold job-priority=50 job-sheets=none,none marker-change-time=1553023232 marker-colors=#000000,#00FFFF,#FF00FF,#FFFF00 marker-levels=18,62,62,63 marker-names='Black\ Cartridge\ HP\ CC530A,Cyan\ Cartridge\ HP\ CC531A,Magenta\ Cartridge\ HP\ CC533A,Yellow\ Cartridge\ HP\ CC532A' marker-types=toner,toner,toner,toner number-up=1 printer-commands=none printer-info='HP Color LaserJet CP2025dn (F47468)' printer-is-accepting-jobs=true printer-is-shared=true printer-is-temporary=false printer-location printer-make-and-model='HP Color LaserJet cp2025dn pcl3, hpcups 3.18.7' printer-state=3 printer-state-change-time=1553023232 printer-state-reasons=none printer-type=167964 printer-uri-supported=ipp://localhost/printers/Color-LaserJet-CP2025dn sides=one-sided
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-12 22:29:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
如果将其空格转换为回车符,输出可能会更人性化,请注意列出了多少设置选项。
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-12 22:29:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
注意:在下面的输出中,一些行被重新链接,以使输出更具可读性。
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lpoptions | tr " " '\n'
|
|
|
|
|
copies=1
|
|
|
|
|
device-uri=dnssd://HP%20Color%20LaserJet%20CP2025dn%20(F47468)._pdl-datastream._tcp.local/
|
|
|
|
|
finishings=3
|
|
|
|
|
job-cancel-after=10800
|
|
|
|
|
job-hold-until=no-hold
|
|
|
|
|
job-priority=50
|
|
|
|
|
job-sheets=none,none
|
|
|
|
|
marker-change-time=1553023232
|
|
|
|
|
marker-colors=#000000,#00FFFF,#FF00FF,#FFFF00
|
|
|
|
|
marker-levels=18,62,62,63
|
|
|
|
|
marker-names='Black\ Cartridge\ HP\ CC530A,
|
|
|
|
|
Cyan\ Cartridge\ HP\ CC531A,
|
|
|
|
|
Magenta\ Cartridge\ HP\ CC533A,
|
|
|
|
|
Yellow\ Cartridge\ HP\ CC532A'
|
|
|
|
|
marker-types=toner,toner,toner,toner
|
|
|
|
|
number-up=1
|
|
|
|
|
printer-commands=none
|
|
|
|
|
printer-info='HP Color LaserJet CP2025dn (F47468)'
|
|
|
|
|
printer-is-accepting-jobs=true
|
|
|
|
|
printer-is-shared=true
|
|
|
|
|
printer-is-temporary=false
|
|
|
|
|
printer-location
|
|
|
|
|
printer-make-and-model='HP Color LaserJet cp2025dn pcl3, hpcups 3.18.7'
|
|
|
|
|
printer-state=3
|
|
|
|
|
printer-state-change-time=1553023232
|
|
|
|
|
printer-state-reasons=none
|
|
|
|
|
printer-type=167964
|
|
|
|
|
printer-uri-supported=ipp://localhost/printers/Color-LaserJet-CP2025dn
|
|
|
|
|
sides=one-sided
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
使用 `-v` 选项时,`lpinfo` 命令将列出驱动程序和相关信息:
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lpinfo -v
|
|
|
|
|
network ipp
|
|
|
|
|
network https
|
|
|
|
|
network socket
|
|
|
|
|
network beh
|
|
|
|
|
direct hp
|
|
|
|
|
network lpd
|
|
|
|
|
file cups-brf:/
|
|
|
|
|
network ipps
|
|
|
|
|
network http
|
|
|
|
|
direct hpfax
|
|
|
|
|
network dnssd://HP%20Color%20LaserJet%20CP2025dn%20(F47468)._pdl-datastream._tcp.local/ <== printer
|
|
|
|
|
network socket://192.168.0.23 <== printer IP
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
`lpoptions` 命令将显示默认打印机的设置。使用 `-p` 选项指定其中一个可用打印机代号:
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lpoptions -p LaserJet
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
`lpstat -p` 命令显示打印机的状态,而 `lpstat -p -d` 列出可用打印机列表。
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lpstat -p -d
|
|
|
|
|
printer Color-LaserJet-CP2025dn is idle. enabled since Tue 19 Mar 2019 05:07:45 PM EDT
|
|
|
|
|
system default destination: Color-LaserJet-CP2025dn
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-12 22:29:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### 非常有用的命令
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
要在默认打印机上打印文档,只需使用 `lp` 命令,后跟要打印的文件名即可。 如果文件名包含空格(在 Linux 系统上很少见),请将该名称放在引号中或开始输入文件名并按 `Tab` 键调用空格的转义标志(如下面的第二个示例所示)。
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lp "never leave home angry"
|
|
|
|
|
$ lp never\ leave\ home\ angry
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
`lpq` 命令显示打印队列:
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lpq
|
|
|
|
|
Color-LaserJet-CP2025dn is ready and printing
|
|
|
|
|
Rank Owner Job File(s) Total Size
|
|
|
|
|
active shs 234 agenda 2048 bytes
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
使用 `-n` 选项时,`lp` 命令可用来指定所需打印输出的份数:
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lp -n 11 agenda
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
要取消打印作业,可以使用 `cancel` 或 `lprm` 命令。如果没来得及执行,则可能会看到以下信息:
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ cancel 229
|
|
|
|
|
cancel: cancel-job failed: Job #229 is already completed - can't cancel.
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-12 22:29:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### 双面打印
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
要以双面模式打印,你可以在 `lp` 命令中使用 `sides` 选项,该选项不但表示了在纸张的正反面进行打印,还表示了从纸张的哪个边开始打印。这个设置代表了你期望以双面纵向文档的正常方式打印。
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lp -o sides=two-sided-long-edge Notes.pdf
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
如果要所有文档以双面模式打印,则可以使用 `lpoptions` 命令更改 `sides` 设置以修改 `lp` 的设置。
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lpoptions -o sides=two-sided-short-edge
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-12 22:29:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
要恢复为单面打印,可以使用如下命令:
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lpoptions -o sides=one-sided
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-12 22:29:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
#### 横向打印
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
要以横向模式打印,可以在 `lp` 命令中使用 `landscape` 选项。
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
$ lp -o landscape penguin.jpg
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-12 22:29:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### CUPS(Unix 通用打印系统)
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Linux 系统上使用的打印系统是基于标准的开源打印系统,称为 **CUPS**,原意是<ruby>Unix 通用打印系统<rt>Common Unix Printing System</rt></ruby>。 它允许计算机充当打印服务器。
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3373502/printing-from-the-linux-command-line.html
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
作者:[Sandra Henry-Stocker][a]
|
|
|
|
|
选题:[lujun9972][b]
|
2021-01-13 23:02:41 +08:00
|
|
|
|
译者:[stevenzdg988](https://github.com/stevenzdg988)
|
|
|
|
|
校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
2019-03-22 15:47:48 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/
|
|
|
|
|
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
|
|
|
|
[1]: https://images.idgesg.net/images/article/2019/03/printouts-paper-100791390-large.jpg
|
|
|
|
|
[2]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/
|
|
|
|
|
[3]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world
|