TranslateProject/published/201801/20180105 yum find out path where is package installed to on CentOS-RHEL.md

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在 CentOS/RHEL 上查找 yum 安裝的软件的位置
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======
**我已经在 CentOS/RHEL 上[安装了 htop][1] 。现在想知道软件被安装在哪个位置。有没有简单的方法能找到 yum 软件包安装的目录呢?**
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[yum 命令][2] 是可交互的、基于 rpm 的 CentOS/RHEL 的开源软件包管理工具。它会帮助你自动地完成以下操作:
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1. 核心系统文件更新
2. 软件包更新
3. 安装新的软件包
4. 删除旧的软件包
5. 查找已安装和可用的软件包
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`yum` 相似的软件包管理工具有: [apt-get 命令][3] 和 [apt 命令][4]。
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### yum 安装软件包的位置
处于演示的目的,我们以下列命令安装 `htop`
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```
# yum install htop
```
要列出名为 htop 的 yum 软件包安装的文件,运行下列 `rpm` 命令:
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```
# rpm -q {packageNameHere}
# rpm -ql htop
```
示例输出:
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```
/usr/bin/htop
/usr/share/doc/htop-2.0.2
/usr/share/doc/htop-2.0.2/AUTHORS
/usr/share/doc/htop-2.0.2/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/htop-2.0.2/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/htop-2.0.2/README
/usr/share/man/man1/htop.1.gz
/usr/share/pixmaps/htop.png
```
### 如何使用 repoquery 命令查看由 yum 软件包安装的文件位置
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首先使用 [yum 命令][2] 安装 yum-utils 软件包:
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```
# yum install yum-utils
```
示例输出:
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```
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-42.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-kitchen for package: yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: libxml2-python for package: yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 will be installed
---> Package python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=======================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=======================================================================================
Installing:
yum-utils noarch 1.1.31-42.el7 rhui-rhel-7-server-rhui-rpms 117 k
Installing for dependencies:
libxml2-python x86_64 2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 rhui-rhel-7-server-rhui-rpms 247 k
python-kitchen noarch 1.1.1-5.el7 rhui-rhel-7-server-rhui-rpms 266 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+2 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 630 k
Installed size: 3.1 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
(1/3): python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 266 kB 00:00:00
(2/3): libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64.rpm | 247 kB 00:00:00
(3/3): yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch.rpm | 117 kB 00:00:00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.0 MB/s | 630 kB 00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 1/3
Installing : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 2/3
Installing : yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch 3/3
Verifying : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 1/3
Verifying : yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch 2/3
Verifying : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 3/3
Installed:
yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-42.el7
Dependency Installed:
libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7
Complete!
```
### 如何列出通过 yum 安装的命令?
现在可以使用 `repoquery` 命令:
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```
# repoquery --list htop
```
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或者:
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```
# repoquery -l htop
```
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示例输出:
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[![yum where is package installed][5]][5]
*使用 repoquery 命令确定 yum 包安装的路径*
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你也可以使用 `type` 命令或者 `command` 命令查找指定二进制文件的位置,例如 `httpd` 或者 `htop`
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```
$ type -a httpd
$ type -a htop
$ command -V htop
```
### 关于作者
作者是 nixCraft 的创始人,是经验丰富的系统管理员并且是 Linux 命令行脚本编程的教练。他拥有全球多行业合作的经验,客户包括 IT教育安防和空间研究。他的联系方式[Twitter][6]、 [Facebook][7]、 [Google+][8]。
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作者:[cyberciti][a]
译者:[cyleung](https://github.com/cyleung)
校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
2018-01-08 15:25:05 +08:00
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[a]:https://www.cyberciti.biz
[1]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/centos-redhat-linux-install-htop-command-using-yum/
[2]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/rhel-centos-fedora-linux-yum-command-howto/ (See Linux/Unix yum command examples for more info)
[3]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-debian-package-management-cheat-sheet.html (See Linux/Unix apt-get command examples for more info)
[4]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/ubuntu-lts-debian-linux-apt-command-examples/ (See Linux/Unix apt command examples for more info)
[5]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2018/01/yum-where-is-package-installed.jpg
[6]:https://twitter.com/nixcraft
[7]:https://facebook.com/nixcraft
[8]:https://plus.google.com/+CybercitiBiz