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TranslateProject/sources/tech/20140911 20 Useful Commands of 'Sysstat' Utilities (mpstat, pidstat, iostat and sar) for Linux Performance Monitoring.md

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Update 20140911 20 Useful Commands of 'Sysstat' Utilities (mpstat, pidstat, iostat and sar) for Linux Performance Monitoring.md
2014-09-20 21:50:27 +08:00
translating by cvsher
20140911-2 选题 这三篇文章有一定关联性
2014-09-11 15:29:01 +08:00
20 Useful Commands of ‘Sysstat’ Utilities (mpstat, pidstat, iostat and sar) for Linux Performance Monitoring
================================================================================
In our last article, we have learned about installing and upgrading the **sysstat** package and understanding briefly about the utilities which comes with the package.
注：此文一并附上，在同一个原文更新中
- [Sysstat – Performance and Usage Activity Monitoring Tool For Linux][1]
![20 Sysstat Commands for Linux Monitoring](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/sysstat-commands.png)
20 Sysstat Commands for Linux Monitoring
Today, we are going to work with some interesting practical examples of **mpstat, pidstat, iostat** and **sar** utilities, which can help us to identify the issues. We have different options to use these utilities, I mean you can fire the commands manually with different options for different kind of work or you can create your customized scripts according to your requirements. You know Sysadmins are always bit Lazy, and always tried to find out the easy way to do the things with minimum efforts.
### mpstat – Processors Statistics ###
1.Using mpstat command without any option, will display the Global Average Activities by All CPUs.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ mpstat
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
12:23:57 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
12:23:57 IST all 37.35 0.01 4.72 2.96 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 54.88
2.Using mpstat with option ‘**-P**‘ (Indicate Processor Number) and ‘ALL’, will display statistics about all CPUs one by one starting from 0. 0 will the first one.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ mpstat -P ALL
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
12:29:26 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
12:29:26 IST all 37.33 0.01 4.57 2.58 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 55.44
12:29:26 IST 0 37.90 0.01 4.96 2.62 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 54.48
12:29:26 IST 1 36.75 0.01 4.19 2.54 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 56.40
3.To display the statistics for **N** number of iterations after n seconds interval with average of each cpu use the following command.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ mpstat -P ALL 2 5
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
12:36:21 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
12:36:23 IST all 53.38 0.00 2.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 44.36
12:36:23 IST 0 46.23 0.00 1.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 52.26
12:36:23 IST 1 60.80 0.00 3.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 36.18
12:36:23 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
12:36:25 IST all 34.18 0.00 2.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 63.52
12:36:25 IST 0 31.63 0.00 1.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 66.84
12:36:25 IST 1 36.73 0.00 2.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60.71
12:36:25 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
12:36:27 IST all 33.42 0.00 5.06 0.25 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 61.01
12:36:27 IST 0 34.34 0.00 4.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 61.62
12:36:27 IST 1 32.82 0.00 6.15 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60.51
4.The option ‘**I**‘ will print total number of interrupt statistics about per processor.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ mpstat -I
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
12:39:56 IST CPU intr/s
12:39:56 IST all 651.04
12:39:56 IST CPU 0/s 1/s 6/s 8/s 9/s 12/s 16/s 17/s 20/s 21/s 22/s 23/s 45/s 46/s 47/s NMI/s LOC/s SPU/s PMI/s IWI/s RTR/s RES/s CAL/s TLB/s TRM/s THR/s MCE/s MCP/s ERR/s MIS/s
12:39:56 IST 0 76.27 1.73 0.00 0.00 0.42 0.33 0.00 0.06 11.46 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.62 1.87 0.05 0.33 182.26 0.00 0.33 3.03 0.00 22.66 0.16 5.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
12:39:56 IST 1 70.88 1.44 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.33 0.00 27.91 10.33 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.27 1.79 0.05 0.32 184.11 0.00 0.32 5.17 0.00 22.09 0.13 4.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
12:39:56 IST CPU HI/s TIMER/s NET_TX/s NET_RX/s BLOCK/s BLOCK_IOPOLL/s TASKLET/s SCHED/s HRTIMER/s RCU/s
12:39:56 IST 0 0.00 116.49 0.05 0.27 7.33 0.00 1.22 10.44 0.13 37.47
12:39:56 IST 1 0.00 111.65 0.05 0.41 7.07 0.00 56.36 9.97 0.13 41.38
5.Get all the above information in one command i.e. equivalent to “**-u -I ALL -p ALL**“.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ mpstat -A
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
12:41:39 IST CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
12:41:39 IST all 38.70 0.01 4.47 2.01 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 54.76
12:41:39 IST 0 39.15 0.01 4.82 2.05 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 53.95
12:41:39 IST 1 38.24 0.01 4.12 1.98 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 55.57
12:41:39 IST CPU intr/s
12:41:39 IST all 651.73
12:41:39 IST 0 173.16
12:41:39 IST 1 225.89
12:41:39 IST CPU 0/s 1/s 6/s 8/s 9/s 12/s 16/s 17/s 20/s 21/s 22/s 23/s 45/s 46/s 47/s NMI/s LOC/s SPU/s PMI/s IWI/s RTR/s RES/s CAL/s TLB/s TRM/s THR/s MCE/s MCP/s ERR/s MIS/s
12:41:39 IST 0 76.04 1.77 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.36 0.00 0.06 11.60 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.42 1.83 0.05 0.34 182.89 0.00 0.34 2.97 0.00 22.69 0.16 5.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
12:41:39 IST 1 70.70 1.48 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.36 0.00 27.47 10.46 0.00 0.00 0.01 7.08 1.75 0.05 0.32 184.83 0.00 0.32 5.10 0.00 22.19 0.13 4.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
12:41:39 IST CPU HI/s TIMER/s NET_TX/s NET_RX/s BLOCK/s BLOCK_IOPOLL/s TASKLET/s SCHED/s HRTIMER/s RCU/s
12:41:39 IST 0 0.00 116.96 0.05 0.26 7.12 0.00 1.24 10.42 0.12 36.99
12:41:39 IST 1 0.00 112.25 0.05 0.40 6.88 0.00 55.05 9.93 0.13 41.20
### pidstat – Process and Kernel Threads Statistics ###
This is used for process monitoring and current threads, which are being managed by kernel. pidstat can also check the status about child processes and threads.
#### Syntax ####
# pidstat <OPTIONS> [INTERVAL] [COUNT]
6.Using pidstat command without any argument, will display all active tasks.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
12:47:24 IST UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
12:47:24 IST 0 1 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.13 1 init
12:47:24 IST 0 3 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0 ksoftirqd/0
12:47:24 IST 0 9 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0 rcu_sched
12:47:24 IST 0 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 watchdog/0
12:47:24 IST 0 11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 watchdog/1
12:47:24 IST 0 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 migration/1
12:47:24 IST 0 13 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 ksoftirqd/1
12:47:24 IST 0 23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/u9:0
12:47:24 IST 0 29 0.00 0.61 0.00 0.61 0 kworker/0:1
12:47:24 IST 0 30 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.06 1 kworker/1:1
12:47:24 IST 0 224 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 jbd2/sda1-8
12:47:24 IST 0 360 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 upstart-udev-br
12:47:24 IST 0 365 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0 systemd-udevd
12:47:24 IST 0 476 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/u9:1
7.To print all active and non-active tasks use the option ‘**-p**‘ (processes).
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -p ALL
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
12:51:55 IST UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
12:51:55 IST 0 1 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.12 1 init
12:51:55 IST 0 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kthreadd
12:51:55 IST 0 3 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0 ksoftirqd/0
12:51:55 IST 0 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kworker/0:0H
12:51:55 IST 0 7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 migration/0
12:51:55 IST 0 8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 rcu_bh
12:51:55 IST 0 9 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 1 rcu_sched
12:51:55 IST 0 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 watchdog/0
12:51:55 IST 0 11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 watchdog/1
12:51:55 IST 0 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 migration/1
12:51:55 IST 0 13 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 ksoftirqd/1
12:51:55 IST 0 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 kworker/1:0H
12:51:55 IST 0 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 khelper
12:51:55 IST 0 17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 kdevtmpfs
12:51:55 IST 0 18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 netns
12:51:55 IST 0 19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 writeback
12:51:55 IST 0 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 kintegrityd
8.Using pidstat command with ‘**-d 2**‘ option, we can get I/O statistics and 2 is interval in seconds to get refreshed statistics. This option can be handy in situation, where your system is undergoing heavy I/O and you want to get clues about the processes consuming high resources.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -d 2
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
03:26:53 EDT PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s Command
03:26:55 EDT PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s Command
03:26:57 EDT 574 0.00 148.00 2.00 miniserv.pl
03:27:01 EDT PID kB_rd/s kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s Command
03:27:03 EDT 1 0.00 8.00 2.00 init
03:27:03 EDT 450 0.00 2.00 0.00 rsyslogd
03:27:03 EDT 534 138.00 10.00 4.00 crond
03:27:03 EDT 25100 0.00 6.00 0.00 sendmail
03:27:03 EDT 30829 0.00 6.00 0.00 java
9.To know the cpu statistics along with all threads about the process id **4164** at interval of **2** sec for **3** times use the following command with option ‘-t‘ (display statistics of selected process).
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -t -p 4164 2 3
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
01:09:06 IST UID TGID TID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
01:09:08 IST 1000 4164 - 22.00 1.00 0.00 23.00 1 firefox
01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4164 20.00 0.50 0.00 20.50 1 |__firefox
01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4171 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__Gecko_IOThread
01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4172 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__Socket
01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4173 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__JS
01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4174 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__JS
01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4175 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__Hang
01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4176 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 |__gdbus
01:09:08 IST 1000 - 4177 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 |__gmain
10.Use the ‘**-rh**‘ option, to know the about memory utilization of processes which are frequently varying their utilization in **2** second interval.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -rh 2 3
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
# Time UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command
1409816695 1000 3958 3378.22 0.00 707420 215972 5.32 cinnamon
1409816695 1000 4164 406.93 0.00 1252024 461404 11.36 firefox
1409816695 1000 6676 168.81 0.00 4436 984 0.02 pidstat
# Time UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command
1409816697 0 1601 644.00 0.00 506728 316788 7.80 Xorg
1409816697 1000 3958 3412.00 0.00 707420 215972 5.32 cinnamon
1409816697 1000 4164 2667.00 0.00 1259576 471724 11.62 firefox
1409816697 1000 6676 172.50 0.00 4436 1020 0.03 pidstat
# Time UID PID minflt/s majflt/s VSZ RSS %MEM Command
1409816699 0 1601 644.00 0.00 506728 316788 7.80 Xorg
1409816699 1000 3958 4094.00 0.00 710148 218700 5.39 cinnamon
1409816699 1000 4164 599.00 0.00 1261944 476664 11.74 firefox
1409816699 1000 6676 168.00 0.00 4436 1020 0.03 pidstat
11.To print all the process of containing string “**VB**“, use ‘**-t**‘ option to see threads as well.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -G VB
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
01:09:06 IST UID PID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
01:09:08 IST 1000 1492 22.00 1.00 0.00 23.00 1 VBoxService
01:09:08 IST 1000 1902 4164 20.00 0.50 0.00 20.50 VBoxClient
01:09:08 IST 1000 1922 4171 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VBoxClient
----------
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -t -G VB
Linux 2.6.32-431.el6.i686 (tecmint) 09/04/2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
03:19:52 PM UID TGID TID %usr %system %guest %CPU CPU Command
03:19:52 PM 0 1479 - 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.13 1 VBoxService
03:19:52 PM 0 - 1482 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__timesync
03:19:52 PM 0 - 1483 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.06 0 |__vminfo
03:19:52 PM 0 - 1485 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 |__memballoon
03:19:52 PM 0 - 1486 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 |__vmstats
03:19:52 PM 0 - 1487 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.05 0 |__automount
03:19:52 PM 0 1913 - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 VBoxClient
03:19:52 PM 0 - 1913 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__VBoxClient
03:19:52 PM 0 - 1942 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 |__SHCLIP
03:19:52 PM 0 1933 - 0.04 0.89 0.00 0.93 0 VBoxClient
03:19:52 PM 0 - 1936 0.04 0.89 0.00 0.93 1 |__X11-NOTIFY
12.To get realtime priority and scheduling information use option ‘**-R**‘ .
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ pidstat -R
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
01:09:06 IST UID PID prio policy Command
01:09:08 IST 1000 3 99 FIFO migration/0
01:09:08 IST 1000 5 99 FIFO migration/0
01:09:08 IST 1000 6 99 FIFO watchdog/0
Here, I am not going to cover about Iostat utility, as we are already covered it. Please have a look on “[Linux Performance Monitoring with Vmstat and Iostat][2]注：此文也一并附上在同一个原文更新中” to get all details about iostat.
### sar – System Activity Reporter ###
Using “**sar**” command, we can get the reports about whole system’s performance. This can help us to locate the system bottleneck and provide the help to find out the solutions to these annoying performance issues.
The Linux Kernel maintains some counter internally, which keeps track of all requests, their completion time and I/O block counts etc. From all these information, sar calculates rates and ratio of these request to find out about bottleneck areas.
The main thing about the sar is that, it reports all activities over a period if time. So, make sure that sar collect data on appropriate time (not on Lunch time or on weekend.:)
13.Following is a basic command to invoke sar. It will create one file named “**sarfile**” in your current directory. The options ‘**-u**‘ is for CPU details and will collect **5** reports at an interval of **2** seconds.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -u -o sarfile 2 5
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
01:42:28 IST CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
01:42:30 IST all 36.52 0.00 3.02 0.00 0.00 60.45
01:42:32 IST all 43.32 0.00 5.04 0.00 0.00 51.64
01:42:34 IST all 56.46 0.00 4.05 0.00 0.00 39.49
01:42:36 IST all 44.44 0.00 3.79 0.00 0.00 51.77
01:42:38 IST all 50.75 0.00 3.75 0.00 0.00 45.50
Average: all 46.30 0.00 3.93 0.00 0.00 49.77
14.In the above example, we have invoked sar interactively. We also have an option to invoke it non-interactively via cron using scripts **/usr/local/lib/sa1** and **/usr/local/lib/sa2** (If you have used **/usr/local** as prefix during installation time).
- **/usr/local/lib/sa1** is a shell script that we can use for scheduling cron which will create daily binary log file.
- **/usr/local/lib/sa2** is a shell script will change binary log file to human-readable form.
Use the following Cron entries for making this non-interactive:
# Run sa1 shell script every 10 minutes for collecting data
*/2 * * * * /usr/local/lib/sa/sa1 2 10
# Generate a daily report in human readable format at 23:53
53 23 * * * /usr/local/lib/sa/sa2 -A
At the back-end sa1 script will call **sadc** (System Activity Data Collector) utility for fetching the data at a particular interval. **sa2** will call sar for changing binary log file to human readable form.
15.Check run queue length, total number of processes and load average using ‘**-q**‘ option.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -q 2 5
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
02:00:44 IST runq-sz plist-sz ldavg-1 ldavg-5 ldavg-15 blocked
02:00:46 IST 1 431 1.67 1.22 0.97 0
02:00:48 IST 4 431 1.70 1.23 0.97 0
02:00:50 IST 2 431 1.70 1.23 0.97 0
02:00:52 IST 2 431 1.70 1.23 0.97 0
02:00:54 IST 0 431 1.64 1.23 0.97 0
Average: 2 431 1.68 1.23 0.97 0
16.Check statistics about the mounted file systems using ‘**-F**‘.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -F 2 4
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
02:02:31 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM
02:02:33 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.85 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1
02:02:33 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM
02:02:35 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.85 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1
02:02:35 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM
02:02:37 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.85 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1
02:02:37 IST MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM
02:02:39 IST 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.86 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1
Summary MBfsfree MBfsused %fsused %ufsused Ifree Iused %Iused FILESYSTEM
Summary 1001 449 30.95 1213790475088.86 18919505 364463 1.89 /dev/sda1
17.View network statistics using ‘**-n DEV**‘.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -n DEV 1 3 | egrep -v lo
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
02:11:59 IST IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s
02:12:00 IST wlan0 8.00 10.00 1.23 0.92 0.00 0.00 0.00
02:12:00 IST vmnet8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
02:12:00 IST eth0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
02:12:00 IST vmnet1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
18.View block device statistics like iostat using ‘**-d**‘.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -d 1 3
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
02:13:17 IST DEV tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util
02:13:18 IST dev8-0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
02:13:18 IST DEV tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util
02:13:19 IST dev8-0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
02:13:19 IST DEV tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util
02:13:20 IST dev8-0 7.00 32.00 80.00 16.00 0.11 15.43 15.43 10.80
19.To print memory statistics use ‘**-r**‘ option.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ sar -r 1 3
Linux 3.11.0-23-generic (tecmint.com) Thursday 04 September 2014 _i686_ (2 CPU)
02:14:29 IST kbmemfree kbmemused %memused kbbuffers kbcached kbcommit %commit kbactive kbinact kbdirty
02:14:30 IST 1465660 2594840 63.90 133052 1549644 3710800 45.35 1133148 1359792 392
02:14:31 IST 1472724 2587776 63.73 133060 1549792 3715504 45.40 1125816 1360000 836
02:14:32 IST 1469112 2591388 63.82 133060 1550036 3705288 45.28 1130252 1360168 804
Average: 1469165 2591335 63.82 133057 1549824 3710531 45.34 1129739 1359987 677
20.Using ‘**sadf -d**‘, we can extract data in format which can be processed using databases.
tecmint@tecmint ~ $ safd -d /var/log/sa/sa20140903 -- -n DEV | grep -v lo
# hostname;interval;timestamp;IFACE;rxpck/s;txpck/s;rxkB/s;txkB/s;rxcmp/s;txcmp/s;rxmcst/s;%ifutil
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:29 UTC;eth0;1.50;0.00;0.13;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:31 UTC;eth0;2.00;0.00;0.18;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:33 UTC;eth0;1.00;0.00;0.09;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 07:53:35 UTC;eth0;2.00;0.00;0.18;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;14778;2014-09-03 11:59:54 UTC;eth0;1.78;1.17;1.10;0.18;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 11:59:56 UTC;eth0;3.50;3.00;0.60;0.77;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 11:59:58 UTC;eth0;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:00 UTC;eth0;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:02 UTC;eth0;0.50;0.50;0.48;0.03;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:04 UTC;eth0;2.50;3.50;0.21;2.05;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:06 UTC;eth0;1.49;1.00;0.62;0.06;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:08 UTC;eth0;0.50;0.00;0.03;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:10 UTC;eth0;0.50;0.50;0.03;0.04;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
tecmint;2;2014-09-03 12:00:12 UTC;eth0;1.00;0.50;0.12;0.04;0.00;0.00;0.00;0.00
You can also save this to a csv and then can draw chart for presentation kind of stuff as below.
![Network Graph](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/sar-graph.png)
Network Graph
That’s it for now, you can refer man pages for more information about each option and don’t forget to tell about article with your valuable comments.
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/sysstat-commands-to-monitor-linux/
作者：[Kuldeep Sharma][a]
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/kuldeepsharma47/
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-sysstat-in-linux/
Update 20140911 20 Useful Commands of 'Sysstat' Utilities (mpstat, pidstat, iostat and sar) for Linux Performance Monitoring.md
2014-09-20 21:50:27 +08:00
[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/linux-performance-monitoring-with-vmstat-and-iostat-commands/
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