2015-03-26 10:04:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
在CentOS 7上给一个网卡分配多个IP地址
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
================================================================================
|
2015-03-26 10:04:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
有时你也许想要给一个网卡多个地址。你该怎么做呢?另外买一个网卡来分配地址?在小型网络中其实不用这么做。我们现在可以在CentOS/RHEL 7中给一个网卡分配多个ip地址。想知道怎么做么?好的,跟随我,这并不难。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
首先,让我们找到网卡的IP地址。在我的CentOS 7服务器中,我只使用了一个网卡。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
用root特权运行下面的命令:
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ip addr
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
示例输出:
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
|
|
|
|
|
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
|
|
|
|
|
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
|
|
|
|
|
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
|
|
|
|
|
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
|
|
|
|
|
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
|
|
|
|
|
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
|
|
|
|
|
link/ether 08:00:27:80:63:19 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
|
|
|
|
|
inet 192.168.1.150/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s3
|
|
|
|
|
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
如上所见,我的网卡名是enp0s3,ip地址是192.168.1.150。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
如你所知,网卡的配置文件存储在 **/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/** 目录下。每个网卡的详细内容将会以不同的名字存储,比如**ifcfg-enp0s3**。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
让我们看下**ifcfg-enp0s3**的细节。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
示例输出:
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TYPE="Ethernet"
|
|
|
|
|
BOOTPROTO="none"
|
|
|
|
|
DEFROUTE="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6INIT="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
|
|
|
|
|
NAME="enp0s3"
|
|
|
|
|
UUID="e9f9caef-cb9e-4a19-aace-767c6ee6f849"
|
|
|
|
|
ONBOOT="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
HWADDR="08:00:27:80:63:19"
|
|
|
|
|
IPADDR0="192.168.1.150"
|
|
|
|
|
PREFIX0="24"
|
|
|
|
|
GATEWAY0="192.168.1.1"
|
|
|
|
|
DNS1="192.168.1.1"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
好的,现在我们将在相同的子网中分配多个地址了。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
编辑文件 **/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3**:
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
像下面那样加入额外的IP地址。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TYPE="Ethernet"
|
|
|
|
|
BOOTPROTO="none"
|
|
|
|
|
DEFROUTE="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6INIT="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
|
|
|
|
|
NAME="enp0s3"
|
|
|
|
|
UUID="933cdc9b-b383-4ddd-b219-5a72c69c9cf0"
|
|
|
|
|
ONBOOT="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
HWADDR="08:00:27:3F:AB:68"
|
|
|
|
|
IPADDR0="192.168.1.150"
|
|
|
|
|
IPADDR1="192.168.1.151"
|
|
|
|
|
IPADDR2="192.168.1.152"
|
|
|
|
|
PREFIX0="24"
|
|
|
|
|
GATEWAY0="192.168.1.1"
|
|
|
|
|
DNS1="192.168.1.1"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
如你所见,我已经加了两个IP地址:**IPADDR1=”192.168.1.151″ & IPADDR2=”192.168.1.152″**
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
类似地,你可以加入更多的ip地址。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
最后,保存并退出文件。重启网络服务来使更改生效。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
systemctl restart network
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
现在,让我们检查是否已经加入了ip地址。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ip addr
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
示例输出:
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
|
|
|
|
|
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
|
|
|
|
|
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
|
|
|
|
|
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
|
|
|
|
|
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
|
|
|
|
|
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
|
|
|
|
|
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
|
|
|
|
|
link/ether 08:00:27:3f:ab:68 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
|
|
|
|
|
inet 192.168.1.150/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global enp0s3
|
|
|
|
|
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
|
|
|
|
|
inet 192.168.1.151/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary enp0s3
|
|
|
|
|
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
|
|
|
|
|
inet 192.168.1.152/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global secondary enp0s3
|
|
|
|
|
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
|
|
|
|
|
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe3f:ab68/64 scope link
|
|
|
|
|
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
如你所见,单个网卡已经有3个ip地址了。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
让我们ping一下新增的IP地址:
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ping -c 4 192.168.1.151
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
示例输出:
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PING 192.168.1.151 (192.168.1.151) 56(84) bytes of data.
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.048 ms
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.075 ms
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.077 ms
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 192.168.1.151: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.077 ms
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--- 192.168.1.151 ping statistics ---
|
|
|
|
|
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2999ms
|
|
|
|
|
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.048/0.069/0.077/0.013 ms
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
----------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ping -c 4 192.168.1.152
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
示例输出:
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PING 192.168.1.152 (192.168.1.152) 56(84) bytes of data.
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.034 ms
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.075 ms
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.073 ms
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 192.168.1.152: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.075 ms
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--- 192.168.1.152 ping statistics ---
|
|
|
|
|
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2999ms
|
|
|
|
|
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.034/0.064/0.075/0.018 ms
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
如果你想要使用**不同的子网**,你要改变**PREFIX0=24**成不同的子网,比如 **PREFIX1=16**。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
比如,我想要添加一个A类地址(**比如10.0.0.1*)到我的网卡中。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TYPE="Ethernet"
|
|
|
|
|
BOOTPROTO="none"
|
|
|
|
|
DEFROUTE="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6INIT="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
|
|
|
|
|
NAME="enp0s3"
|
|
|
|
|
UUID="933cdc9b-b383-4ddd-b219-5a72c69c9cf0"
|
|
|
|
|
ONBOOT="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
HWADDR="08:00:27:3F:AB:68"
|
|
|
|
|
IPADDR0="192.168.1.150"
|
|
|
|
|
IPADDR1="192.168.1.151"
|
|
|
|
|
IPADDR2="192.168.1.152"
|
|
|
|
|
IPADDR3="10.0.0.1"
|
|
|
|
|
PREFIX0="24"
|
|
|
|
|
PREFIX1=16
|
|
|
|
|
GATEWAY0="192.168.1.1"
|
|
|
|
|
DNS1="192.168.1.1"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 10:04:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
你可以看到我已经添加一个A类地址(10.0.0.1)并且前缀是16。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-03-26 10:04:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
保存并退出文件。重启网络服务,接着,ping新增的地址:
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ping -c 4 10.0.0.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
示例输出:
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PING 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.097 ms
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.073 ms
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.074 ms
|
|
|
|
|
64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.075 ms
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--- 10.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
|
|
|
|
|
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms
|
|
|
|
|
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.073/0.079/0.097/0.014 ms
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
相似地,你可以添加不同的网关。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
就是这样。
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
via: http://www.unixmen.com/linux-basics-assign-multiple-ip-addresses-single-network-interface-card-centos-7/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
作者:[SK][a]
|
2015-02-08 11:30:18 +08:00
|
|
|
|
译者:[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
2015-03-26 10:04:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
2015-02-05 11:42:25 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译,[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-02-08 11:10:29 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[a]:http://www.unixmen.com/author/sk/
|