2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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2020-10-04 13:10:48 +08:00
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[#]: translator: (gxlct008)
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2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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2020-10-10 10:28:55 +08:00
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[#]: publisher: (wxy)
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[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-12704-1.html)
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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[#]: subject: (Building a Messenger App: Access Page)
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[#]: via: (https://nicolasparada.netlify.com/posts/go-messenger-access-page/)
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[#]: author: (Nicolás Parada https://nicolasparada.netlify.com/)
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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构建一个即时消息应用（七）：Access 页面
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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======
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2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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本文是该系列的第七篇。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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* [第一篇: 模式][1]
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* [第二篇: OAuth][2]
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* [第三篇: 对话][3]
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* [第四篇: 消息][4]
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* [第五篇: 实时消息][5]
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* [第六篇: 仅用于开发的登录][6]
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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现在我们已经完成了后端，让我们转到前端。 我将采用单页应用程序方案。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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首先，我们创建一个 `static/index.html` 文件，内容如下。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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```html
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<title>Messenger</title>
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<link rel="shortcut icon" href="data:,">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles.css">
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<script src="/main.js" type="module"></script>
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</head>
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<body></body>
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</html>
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```
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2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
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这个 HTML 文件必须为每个 URL 提供服务，并且使用 JavaScript 负责呈现正确的页面。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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因此，让我们将注意力转到 `main.go` 片刻，然后在 `main()` 函数中添加以下路由：
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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```go
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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router.Handle("GET", "/...", http.FileServer(SPAFileSystem{http.Dir("static")}))
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type SPAFileSystem struct {
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fs http.FileSystem
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}
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func (spa SPAFileSystem) Open(name string) (http.File, error) {
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f, err := spa.fs.Open(name)
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if err != nil {
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return spa.fs.Open("index.html")
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}
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return f, nil
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}
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```
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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我们使用一个自定义的文件系统，因此它不是为未知的 URL 返回 `404 Not Found`，而是转到 `index.html`。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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### 路由器
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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在 `index.html` 中我们加载了两个文件：`styles.css` 和 `main.js`。我把样式留给你自由发挥。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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让我们移动到 `main.js`。 创建一个包含以下内容的 `static/main.js` 文件：
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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```javascript
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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import { guard } from './auth.js'
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import Router from './router.js'
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let currentPage
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const disconnect = new CustomEvent('disconnect')
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const router = new Router()
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router.handle('/', guard(view('home'), view('access')))
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router.handle('/callback', view('callback'))
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router.handle(/^\/conversations\/([^\/]+)$/, guard(view('conversation'), view('access')))
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router.handle(/^\//, view('not-found'))
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router.install(async result => {
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document.body.innerHTML = ''
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if (currentPage instanceof Node) {
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currentPage.dispatchEvent(disconnect)
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}
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currentPage = await result
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if (currentPage instanceof Node) {
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document.body.appendChild(currentPage)
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}
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})
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function view(pageName) {
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return (...args) => import(`/pages/${pageName}-page.js`)
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.then(m => m.default(...args))
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}
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```
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2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
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如果你是这个博客的关注者，你已经知道它是如何工作的了。 该路由器就是在 [这里][7] 显示的那个。 只需从 [@nicolasparada/router][8] 下载并保存到 `static/router.js` 即可。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
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我们注册了四条路由。 在根路由 `/` 处，我们展示 `home` 或 `access` 页面，无论用户是否通过身份验证。 在 `/callback` 中，我们展示 `callback` 页面。 在 `/conversations/{conversationID}` 上，我们展示对话或 `access` 页面，无论用户是否通过验证，对于其他 URL，我们展示一个 `not-found` 页面。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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我们告诉路由器将结果渲染为文档主体，并在离开之前向每个页面调度一个 `disconnect` 事件。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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我们将每个页面放在不同的文件中，并使用新的动态 `import()` 函数导入它们。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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### 身份验证
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
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`guard()` 是一个函数，给它两个函数作为参数，如果用户通过了身份验证，则执行第一个函数，否则执行第二个。它来自 `auth.js`，所以我们创建一个包含以下内容的 `static/auth.js` 文件：
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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```javascript
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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export function isAuthenticated() {
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const token = localStorage.getItem('token')
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const expiresAtItem = localStorage.getItem('expires_at')
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if (token === null || expiresAtItem === null) {
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return false
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}
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const expiresAt = new Date(expiresAtItem)
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if (isNaN(expiresAt.valueOf()) || expiresAt <= new Date()) {
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return false
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}
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return true
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}
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export function guard(fn1, fn2) {
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return (...args) => isAuthenticated()
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? fn1(...args)
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: fn2(...args)
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}
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export function getAuthUser() {
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if (!isAuthenticated()) {
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return null
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}
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const authUser = localStorage.getItem('auth_user')
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if (authUser === null) {
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return null
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}
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try {
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return JSON.parse(authUser)
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} catch (_) {
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return null
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}
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}
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```
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2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
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`isAuthenticated()` 检查 `localStorage` 中的 `token` 和 `expires_at`，以判断用户是否已通过身份验证。`getAuthUser()` 从 `localStorage` 中获取经过身份验证的用户。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
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当我们登录时，我们会将所有的数据保存到 `localStorage`，这样才有意义。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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### Access 页面
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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![access page screenshot][9]
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2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
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让我们从 `access` 页面开始。 创建一个包含以下内容的文件 `static/pages/access-page.js`：
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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```javascript
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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const template = document.createElement('template')
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template.innerHTML = `
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<h1>Messenger</h1>
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<a href="/api/oauth/github" onclick="event.stopPropagation()">Access with GitHub</a>
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`
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export default function accessPage() {
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return template.content
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}
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```
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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因为路由器会拦截所有链接点击来进行导航，所以我们必须特别阻止此链接的事件传播。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
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单击该链接会将我们重定向到后端，然后重定向到 GitHub，再重定向到后端，然后再次重定向到前端； 到 `callback` 页面。
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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### Callback 页面
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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创建包括以下内容的 `static/pages/callback-page.js` 文件：
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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```javascript
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2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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import http from '../http.js'
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import { navigate } from '../router.js'
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export default async function callbackPage() {
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const url = new URL(location.toString())
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const token = url.searchParams.get('token')
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const expiresAt = url.searchParams.get('expires_at')
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try {
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if (token === null || expiresAt === null) {
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throw new Error('Invalid URL')
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}
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const authUser = await getAuthUser(token)
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localStorage.setItem('auth_user', JSON.stringify(authUser))
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localStorage.setItem('token', token)
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localStorage.setItem('expires_at', expiresAt)
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} catch (err) {
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alert(err.message)
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} finally {
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navigate('/', true)
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}
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}
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function getAuthUser(token) {
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return http.get('/api/auth_user', { authorization: `Bearer ${token}` })
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}
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```
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|
2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
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`callback` 页面不呈现任何内容。这是一个异步函数，它使用 URL 查询字符串中的 token 向 `/api/auth_user` 发出 GET 请求，并将所有数据保存到 `localStorage`。 然后重定向到 `/`。
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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### HTTP
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|
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|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
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这里是一个 HTTP 模块。 创建一个包含以下内容的 `static/http.js` 文件：
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
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|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
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|
|
import { isAuthenticated } from './auth.js'
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|
async function handleResponse(res) {
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|
const body = await res.clone().json().catch(() => res.text())
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|
|
if (res.status === 401) {
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|
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|
|
localStorage.removeItem('auth_user')
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|
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|
localStorage.removeItem('token')
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|
localStorage.removeItem('expires_at')
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|
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|
}
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|
|
if (!res.ok) {
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|
|
const message = typeof body === 'object' && body !== null && 'message' in body
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|
|
|
|
|
? body.message
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|
|
: typeof body === 'string' && body !== ''
|
|
|
|
|
|
? body
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|
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|
|
: res.statusText
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|
|
|
|
throw Object.assign(new Error(message), {
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|
|
|
|
|
url: res.url,
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|
|
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|
|
statusCode: res.status,
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|
statusText: res.statusText,
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|
|
headers: res.headers,
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|
|
body,
|
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|
|
})
|
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|
|
}
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|
|
|
|
return body
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
function getAuthHeader() {
|
|
|
|
|
|
return isAuthenticated()
|
|
|
|
|
|
? { authorization: `Bearer ${localStorage.getItem('token')}` }
|
|
|
|
|
|
: {}
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
export default {
|
|
|
|
|
|
get(url, headers) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
return fetch(url, {
|
|
|
|
|
|
headers: Object.assign(getAuthHeader(), headers),
|
|
|
|
|
|
}).then(handleResponse)
|
|
|
|
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
post(url, body, headers) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
const init = {
|
|
|
|
|
|
method: 'POST',
|
|
|
|
|
|
headers: getAuthHeader(),
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
if (typeof body === 'object' && body !== null) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
init.body = JSON.stringify(body)
|
|
|
|
|
|
init.headers['content-type'] = 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Object.assign(init.headers, headers)
|
|
|
|
|
|
return fetch(url, init).then(handleResponse)
|
|
|
|
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
subscribe(url, callback) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
const urlWithToken = new URL(url, location.origin)
|
|
|
|
|
|
if (isAuthenticated()) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
urlWithToken.searchParams.set('token', localStorage.getItem('token'))
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
const eventSource = new EventSource(urlWithToken.toString())
|
|
|
|
|
|
eventSource.onmessage = ev => {
|
|
|
|
|
|
let data
|
|
|
|
|
|
try {
|
|
|
|
|
|
data = JSON.parse(ev.data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
} catch (err) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
console.error('could not parse message data as JSON:', err)
|
|
|
|
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
callback(data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
const unsubscribe = () => {
|
|
|
|
|
|
eventSource.close()
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
return unsubscribe
|
|
|
|
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
这个模块是 [fetch][10] 和 [EventSource][11] API 的包装器。最重要的部分是它将 JSON web 令牌添加到请求中。
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### Home 页面
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
![home page screenshot][12]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
|
|
|
|
因此，当用户登录时，将显示 `home` 页。 创建一个具有以下内容的 `static/pages/home-page.js` 文件：
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
import { getAuthUser } from '../auth.js'
|
|
|
|
|
|
import { avatar } from '../shared.js'
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
export default function homePage() {
|
|
|
|
|
|
const authUser = getAuthUser()
|
|
|
|
|
|
const template = document.createElement('template')
|
|
|
|
|
|
template.innerHTML = `
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
${avatar(authUser)}
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span>${authUser.username}</span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<button id="logout-button">Logout</button>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- conversation form here -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- conversation list here -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
`
|
|
|
|
|
|
const page = template.content
|
|
|
|
|
|
page.getElementById('logout-button').onclick = onLogoutClick
|
|
|
|
|
|
return page
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
function onLogoutClick() {
|
|
|
|
|
|
localStorage.clear()
|
|
|
|
|
|
location.reload()
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
|
|
|
|
对于这篇文章，这是我们在 `home` 页上呈现的唯一内容。我们显示当前经过身份验证的用户和注销按钮。
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
|
|
|
|
当用户单击注销时，我们清除 `localStorage` 中的所有内容并重新加载页面。
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### Avatar
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
那个 `avatar()` 函数用于显示用户的头像。 由于已在多个地方使用，因此我将它移到 `shared.js` 文件中。 创建具有以下内容的文件 `static/shared.js`：
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
export function avatar(user) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
return user.avatarUrl === null
|
|
|
|
|
|
? `<figure class="avatar" data-initial="${user.username[0]}"></figure>`
|
|
|
|
|
|
: `<img class="avatar" src="${user.avatarUrl}" alt="${user.username}'s avatar">`
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
|
|
|
|
如果头像网址为 `null`，我们将使用用户的姓名首字母作为初始头像。
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
|
|
|
|
你可以使用 `attr()` 函数显示带有少量 CSS 样式的首字母。
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```css
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
.avatar[data-initial]::after {
|
|
|
|
|
|
content: attr(data-initial);
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### 仅开发使用的登录
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
![access page with login form screenshot][13]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
|
|
|
|
在上一篇文章中，我们为编写了一个登录代码。让我们在 `access` 页面中为此添加一个表单。 进入 `static/ages/access-page.js`，稍微修改一下。
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```javascript
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
import http from '../http.js'
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
const template = document.createElement('template')
|
|
|
|
|
|
template.innerHTML = `
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h1>Messenger</h1>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<form id="login-form">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<input type="text" placeholder="Username" required>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<button>Login</button>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</form>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="/api/oauth/github" onclick="event.stopPropagation()">Access with GitHub</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
export default function accessPage() {
|
|
|
|
|
|
const page = template.content.cloneNode(true)
|
|
|
|
|
|
page.getElementById('login-form').onsubmit = onLoginSubmit
|
|
|
|
|
|
return page
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
async function onLoginSubmit(ev) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
ev.preventDefault()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
const form = ev.currentTarget
|
|
|
|
|
|
const input = form.querySelector('input')
|
|
|
|
|
|
const submitButton = form.querySelector('button')
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
input.disabled = true
|
|
|
|
|
|
submitButton.disabled = true
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
try {
|
|
|
|
|
|
const payload = await login(input.value)
|
|
|
|
|
|
input.value = ''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
localStorage.setItem('auth_user', JSON.stringify(payload.authUser))
|
|
|
|
|
|
localStorage.setItem('token', payload.token)
|
|
|
|
|
|
localStorage.setItem('expires_at', payload.expiresAt)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
location.reload()
|
|
|
|
|
|
} catch (err) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
alert(err.message)
|
|
|
|
|
|
setTimeout(() => {
|
|
|
|
|
|
input.focus()
|
|
|
|
|
|
}, 0)
|
|
|
|
|
|
} finally {
|
|
|
|
|
|
input.disabled = false
|
|
|
|
|
|
submitButton.disabled = false
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
function login(username) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
return http.post('/api/login', { username })
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
|
|
|
|
我添加了一个登录表单。当用户提交表单时。它使用用户名对 `/api/login` 进行 POST 请求。将所有数据保存到 `localStorage` 并重新加载页面。
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
记住在前端完成后删除此表单。
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* * *
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-05 07:53:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
这就是这篇文章的全部内容。在下一篇文章中，我们将继续使用主页添加一个表单来开始对话，并显示包含最新对话的列表。
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- [源代码][14]
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
via: https://nicolasparada.netlify.com/posts/go-messenger-access-page/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
作者：[Nicolás Parada][a]
|
|
|
|
|
|
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
|
|
|
|
译者：[gxlct008](https://github.com/gxlct008)
|
|
|
|
|
|
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[a]: https://nicolasparada.netlify.com/
|
|
|
|
|
|
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
2020-10-10 10:15:57 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[1]: https://linux.cn/article-11396-1.html
|
|
|
|
|
|
[2]: https://linux.cn/article-11510-1.html
|
|
|
|
|
|
[3]: https://linux.cn/article-12056-1.html
|
|
|
|
|
|
[4]: https://linux.cn/article-12680-1.html
|
|
|
|
|
|
[5]: https://linux.cn/article-12685-1.html
|
|
|
|
|
|
[6]: https://linux.cn/article-12692-1.html
|
2019-09-18 12:24:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[7]: https://nicolasparada.netlify.com/posts/js-router/
|
|
|
|
|
|
[8]: https://unpkg.com/@nicolasparada/router
|
|
|
|
|
|
[9]: https://nicolasparada.netlify.com/img/go-messenger-access-page/access-page.png
|
|
|
|
|
|
[10]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API
|
|
|
|
|
|
[11]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventSource
|
|
|
|
|
|
[12]: https://nicolasparada.netlify.com/img/go-messenger-access-page/home-page.png
|
|
|
|
|
|
[13]: https://nicolasparada.netlify.com/img/go-messenger-access-page/access-page-v2.png
|
|
|
|
|
|
[14]: https://github.com/nicolasparada/go-messenger-demo
|
