mirror of
https://github.com/boostorg/more.git
synced 2024-12-25 23:20:12 +08:00
957 lines
54 KiB
HTML
957 lines
54 KiB
HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
|
|
<head>
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
|
<meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.17.1: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" />
|
|
<title>Boost Getting Started on Windows</title>
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../rst.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<div class="document" id="logo-getting-started-on-windows">
|
|
<h1 class="title"><a class="reference external image-reference" href="../../index.htm"><img alt="Boost" class="boost-logo" src="../../boost.png" /></a> Getting Started on Windows</h1>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
<div class="admonition admonition-a-note-to-cygwin-and-mingw-users">
|
|
<p class="first admonition-title">A note to <a class="reference external" href="http://www.cygwin.com">Cygwin</a> and <a class="reference external" href="http://mingw.org">MinGW</a> users</p>
|
|
<p class="last">If you plan to use your tools from the Windows command prompt,
|
|
you're in the right place. If you plan to build from the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.cygwin.com">Cygwin</a>
|
|
bash shell, you're actually running on a POSIX platform and
|
|
should follow the instructions for <a class="reference external" href="unix-variants.html">getting started on Unix
|
|
variants</a>. Other command shells, such as <a class="reference external" href="http://mingw.org">MinGW</a>'s MSYS, are
|
|
not supported—they may or may not work.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="contents topic" id="index">
|
|
<p class="topic-title">Index</p>
|
|
<ul class="auto-toc simple">
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#get-boost" id="id28">1 Get Boost</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-boost-distribution" id="id29">2 The Boost Distribution</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#header-only-libraries" id="id30">3 Header-Only Libraries</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#build-a-simple-program-using-boost" id="id31">4 Build a Simple Program Using Boost</a><ul class="auto-toc">
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#build-from-the-visual-studio-ide" id="id32">4.1 Build From the Visual Studio IDE</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#or-build-from-the-command-prompt" id="id33">4.2 Or, Build From the Command Prompt</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#errors-and-warnings" id="id34">4.3 Errors and Warnings</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#prepare-to-use-a-boost-library-binary" id="id35">5 Prepare to Use a Boost Library Binary</a><ul class="auto-toc">
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#simplified-build-from-source" id="id36">5.1 Simplified Build From Source</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#or-build-binaries-from-source" id="id37">5.2 Or, Build Binaries From Source</a><ul class="auto-toc">
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#install-boost-build" id="id38">5.2.1 Install Boost.Build</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#identify-your-toolset" id="id39">5.2.2 Identify Your Toolset</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#select-a-build-directory" id="id40">5.2.3 Select a Build Directory</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#invoke-b2" id="id41">5.2.4 Invoke <tt class="docutils literal">b2</tt></a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#expected-build-output" id="id42">5.3 Expected Build Output</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#in-case-of-build-errors" id="id43">5.4 In Case of Build Errors</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#link-your-program-to-a-boost-library" id="id44">6 Link Your Program to a Boost Library</a><ul class="auto-toc">
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#link-from-within-the-visual-studio-ide" id="id45">6.1 Link From Within the Visual Studio IDE</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#or-link-from-the-command-prompt" id="id46">6.2 Or, Link From the Command Prompt</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#library-naming" id="id47">6.3 Library Naming</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#test-your-program" id="id48">6.4 Test Your Program</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#conclusion-and-further-resources" id="id49">7 Conclusion and Further Resources</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="get-boost">
|
|
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id28">1 Get Boost</a></h1>
|
|
<p>The most reliable way to get a copy of Boost is to
|
|
download <a class="reference external" href="http://www.boost.org/users/history/version_1_82_0.html"><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt><tt class="docutils literal">.7z</tt></a> or <a class="reference external" href="http://www.boost.org/users/history/version_1_82_0.html"><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt><tt class="docutils literal">.zip</tt></a> and unpack it to install a complete Boost
|
|
distribution.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#zip" id="id2"><sup>1</sup></a></p>
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="the-boost-distribution">
|
|
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id29">2 The Boost Distribution</a></h1>
|
|
<p>This is a sketch of the resulting directory structure:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
<strong>boost_1_82_0</strong><strong>\</strong> .................<em>The “boost root directory”</em>
|
|
<strong>index.htm</strong> .........<em>A copy of www.boost.org starts here</em>
|
|
<strong>boost</strong><strong>\</strong> .........................<em>All Boost Header files</em>
|
|
<strong>lib</strong><strong>\</strong> .....................<em>precompiled library binaries</em>
|
|
<strong>libs</strong><strong>\</strong> ............<em>Tests, .cpp</em>s<em>, docs, etc., by library</em>
|
|
<strong>index.html</strong> ........<em>Library documentation starts here</em>
|
|
<strong>algorithm</strong><strong>\</strong>
|
|
<strong>any</strong><strong>\</strong>
|
|
<strong>array</strong><strong>\</strong>
|
|
<em>…more libraries…</em>
|
|
<strong>status</strong><strong>\</strong> .........................<em>Boost-wide test suite</em>
|
|
<strong>tools</strong><strong>\</strong> ...........<em>Utilities, e.g. Boost.Build, quickbook, bcp</em>
|
|
<strong>more</strong><strong>\</strong> ..........................<em>Policy documents, etc.</em>
|
|
<strong>doc</strong><strong>\</strong> ...............<em>A subset of all Boost library docs</em>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<div class="sidebar">
|
|
<p class="first sidebar-title">Header Organization</p>
|
|
<p class="pre-wrap">The organization of Boost library headers isn't entirely uniform,
|
|
but most libraries follow a few patterns:</p>
|
|
<ul class="pre-wrap last">
|
|
<li><p class="first">Some older libraries and most very small libraries place all
|
|
public headers directly into <tt class="docutils literal">boost</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt>.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">Most libraries' public headers live in a subdirectory of
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">boost</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt>, named after the library. For example, you'll find
|
|
the Python library's <tt class="docutils literal">def.hpp</tt> header in</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">boost</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">python</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">def.hpp</tt>.
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">Some libraries have an “aggregate header” in <tt class="docutils literal">boost</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt> that
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">#include</tt>s all of the library's other headers. For
|
|
example, <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/python/doc/html/building.html">Boost.Python</a>'s aggregate header is</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">boost</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">python.hpp</tt>.
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">Most libraries place private headers in a subdirectory called
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">detail</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt>, or <tt class="docutils literal">aux_</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt>. Don't expect to find
|
|
anything you can use in these directories.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>It's important to note the following:</p>
|
|
<ol class="arabic" id="boost-root-directory">
|
|
<li><p class="first">The path to the <strong>boost root directory</strong> (often <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">C:\Program</span> Files\boost\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt>) is
|
|
sometimes referred to as <tt class="docutils literal">$BOOST_ROOT</tt> in documentation and
|
|
mailing lists .</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">To compile anything in Boost, you need a directory containing
|
|
the <tt class="docutils literal">boost</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt> subdirectory in your <tt class="docutils literal">#include</tt> path. Specific steps for setting up <tt class="docutils literal">#include</tt>
|
|
paths in Microsoft Visual Studio follow later in this document;
|
|
if you use another IDE, please consult your product's
|
|
documentation for instructions.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">Since all of Boost's header files have the <tt class="docutils literal">.hpp</tt> extension,
|
|
and live in the <tt class="docutils literal">boost</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt> subdirectory of the boost root, your
|
|
Boost <tt class="docutils literal">#include</tt> directives will look like:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
#include <boost/<em>whatever</em>.hpp>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>or</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
#include "boost/<em>whatever</em>.hpp"
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>depending on your preference regarding the use of angle bracket
|
|
includes. Even Windows users can (and, for
|
|
portability reasons, probably should) use forward slashes in
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">#include</tt> directives; your compiler doesn't care.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">Don't be distracted by the <tt class="docutils literal">doc</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt> subdirectory; it only
|
|
contains a subset of the Boost documentation. Start with
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">libs</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">index.html</tt> if you're looking for the whole enchilada.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="header-only-libraries">
|
|
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id30">3 Header-Only Libraries</a></h1>
|
|
<p>The first thing many people want to know is, “how do I build
|
|
Boost?” The good news is that often, there's nothing to build.</p>
|
|
<div class="admonition admonition-nothing-to-build">
|
|
<p class="first admonition-title">Nothing to Build?</p>
|
|
<p class="last">Most Boost libraries are <strong>header-only</strong>: they consist <em>entirely
|
|
of header files</em> containing templates and inline functions, and
|
|
require no separately-compiled library binaries or special
|
|
treatment when linking.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!-- .. _separate: -->
|
|
<p>The only Boost libraries that <em>must</em> be built separately are:</p>
|
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/chrono/index.html">Boost.Chrono</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/context/index.html">Boost.Context</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/filesystem/index.html">Boost.Filesystem</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/graph_parallel/index.html">Boost.GraphParallel</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/iostreams/index.html">Boost.IOStreams</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/locale/index.html">Boost.Locale</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/log/index.html">Boost.Log</a> (see <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/log/doc/html/log/installation/config.html">build documentation</a>)</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/mpi/index.html">Boost.MPI</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/program_options/index.html">Boost.ProgramOptions</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/python/doc/html/building.html">Boost.Python</a> (see the <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/python/doc/html/building.html">Boost.Python build documentation</a>
|
|
before building and installing it)</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/regex/index.html">Boost.Regex</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/serialization/index.html">Boost.Serialization</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/thread/index.html">Boost.Thread</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/timer/index.html">Boost.Timer</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/wave/index.html">Boost.Wave</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>A few libraries have optional separately-compiled binaries:</p>
|
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/graph/index.html">Boost.Graph</a> also has a binary component that is only needed if
|
|
you intend to <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/graph/doc/read_graphviz.html">parse GraphViz files</a>.</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/math/index.html">Boost.Math</a> has binary components for the TR1 and C99
|
|
cmath functions.</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/random/index.html">Boost.Random</a> has a binary component which is only needed if
|
|
you're using <tt class="docutils literal">random_device</tt>.</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/test/index.html">Boost.Test</a> can be used in “header-only” or “separately compiled”
|
|
mode, although <strong>separate compilation is recommended for serious
|
|
use</strong>.</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/exception/index.html">Boost.Exception</a> provides non-intrusive implementation of
|
|
exception_ptr for 32-bit _MSC_VER==1310 and _MSC_VER==1400
|
|
which requires a separately-compiled binary. This is enabled by
|
|
#define BOOST_ENABLE_NON_INTRUSIVE_EXCEPTION_PTR.</li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/system/index.html">Boost.System</a> is header-only since Boost 1.69. A stub library is
|
|
still built for compatibility, but linking to it is no longer
|
|
necessary.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="build-a-simple-program-using-boost">
|
|
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id31">4 Build a Simple Program Using Boost</a></h1>
|
|
<p>To keep things simple, let's start by using a header-only library.
|
|
The following program reads a sequence of integers from standard
|
|
input, uses Boost.Lambda to multiply each number by three, and
|
|
writes them to standard output:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
#include <boost/lambda/lambda.hpp>
|
|
#include <iostream>
|
|
#include <iterator>
|
|
#include <algorithm>
|
|
|
|
int main()
|
|
{
|
|
using namespace boost::lambda;
|
|
typedef std::istream_iterator<int> in;
|
|
|
|
std::for_each(
|
|
in(std::cin), in(), std::cout << (_1 * 3) << " " );
|
|
}
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>Copy the text of this program into a file called <tt class="docutils literal">example.cpp</tt>.</p>
|
|
<div class="admonition note" id="command-line-tool">
|
|
<span id="command-prompt"></span><p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
<p class="last">To build the examples in this guide, you can use an
|
|
Integrated Development Environment (IDE) like Visual Studio, or
|
|
you can issue commands from the <a class="reference internal" href="#command-prompt">command prompt</a>. Since every
|
|
IDE and compiler has different options and Microsoft's are by
|
|
far the dominant compilers on Windows, we only give specific
|
|
directions here for Visual Studio 2005 and .NET 2003 IDEs and
|
|
their respective command prompt compilers (using the command
|
|
prompt is a bit simpler). If you are using another compiler or
|
|
IDE, it should be relatively easy to adapt these instructions to
|
|
your environment.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="small sidebar">
|
|
<p class="first sidebar-title">Command Prompt Basics</p>
|
|
<p>In Windows, a command-line tool is invoked by typing its name,
|
|
optionally followed by arguments, into a <em>Command Prompt</em> window
|
|
and pressing the Return (or Enter) key.</p>
|
|
<p>To open a generic <em>Command Prompt</em>, click the <em>Start</em> menu
|
|
button, click <em>Run</em>, type “cmd”, and then click <em>OK</em>.</p>
|
|
<p id="current-directory">All commands are executed within the context of a <strong>current
|
|
directory</strong> in the filesystem. To set the current directory,
|
|
type:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
cd <em>path</em>\<em>to</em>\<em>some</em>\<em>directory</em>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>followed by Return. For example,</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
cd <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">C:\Program</span> Files\boost\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p class="last">Long commands can be continued across several lines by typing a
|
|
caret (<tt class="docutils literal">^</tt>) at the end of all but the last line. Some examples
|
|
on this page use that technique to save horizontal space.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="build-from-the-visual-studio-ide">
|
|
<span id="vs-header-only"></span><h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id32">4.1 Build From the Visual Studio IDE</a></h2>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><p class="first">From Visual Studio's <em>File</em> menu, select <em>New</em> > <em>Project…</em></p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">In the left-hand pane of the resulting <em>New Project</em> dialog,
|
|
select <em>Visual C++</em> > <em>Win32</em>.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">In the right-hand pane, select <em>Win32 Console Application</em>
|
|
(VS8.0) or <em>Win32 Console Project</em> (VS7.1).</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">In the <em>name</em> field, enter “example”</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">Right-click <strong>example</strong> in the <em>Solution Explorer</em> pane and
|
|
select <em>Properties</em> from the resulting pop-up menu</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">In <em>Configuration Properties</em> > <em>C/C++</em> > <em>General</em> > <em>Additional Include
|
|
Directories</em>, enter the path to the Boost root directory, for example</p>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">C:\Program</span> Files\boost\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt></p>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">In <em>Configuration Properties</em> > <em>C/C++</em> > <em>Precompiled Headers</em>, change
|
|
<em>Use Precompiled Header (/Yu)</em> to <em>Not Using Precompiled
|
|
Headers</em>.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#pch" id="id6"><sup>2</sup></a></p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">Replace the contents of the <tt class="docutils literal">example.cpp</tt> generated by the IDE
|
|
with the example code above.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">From the <em>Build</em> menu, select <em>Build Solution</em>.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>To test your application, hit the F5 key and type the following
|
|
into the resulting window, followed by the Return key:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
1 2 3
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>Then hold down the control key and press "Z", followed by the
|
|
Return key.</p>
|
|
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#errors-and-warnings"><em>skip to the next step</em></a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="or-build-from-the-command-prompt">
|
|
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id33">4.2 Or, Build From the Command Prompt</a></h2>
|
|
<p>From your computer's <em>Start</em> menu, if you are a Visual
|
|
Studio 2005 user, select</p>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<em>All Programs</em> > <em>Microsoft Visual Studio 2005</em>
|
|
> <em>Visual Studio Tools</em> > <em>Visual Studio 2005 Command Prompt</em></blockquote>
|
|
<p>or, if you're a Visual Studio .NET 2003 user, select</p>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<em>All Programs</em> > <em>Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003</em>
|
|
> <em>Visual Studio .NET Tools</em> > <em>Visual Studio .NET 2003 Command Prompt</em></blockquote>
|
|
<p>to bring up a special <a class="reference internal" href="#command-prompt">command prompt</a> window set up for the
|
|
Visual Studio compiler. In that window, set the <a class="reference internal" href="#current-directory">current
|
|
directory</a> to a suitable location for creating some temporary
|
|
files and type the following command followed by the Return key:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
cl /EHsc /I <em>path\to\</em><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt> <em>path</em>\<em>to</em>\example.cpp
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>To test the result, type:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
echo 1 2 3 | example
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="errors-and-warnings">
|
|
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id34">4.3 Errors and Warnings</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Don't be alarmed if you see compiler warnings originating in Boost
|
|
headers. We try to eliminate them, but doing so isn't always
|
|
practical.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#warnings" id="id8"><sup>4</sup></a> <strong>Errors are another matter</strong>. If you're
|
|
seeing compilation errors at this point in the tutorial, check to
|
|
be sure you've copied the <a class="reference internal" href="#build-a-simple-program-using-boost">example program</a> correctly and that you've
|
|
correctly identified the <a class="reference internal" href="#boost-root-directory">Boost root directory</a>.</p>
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="prepare-to-use-a-boost-library-binary">
|
|
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id35">5 Prepare to Use a Boost Library Binary</a></h1>
|
|
<p>If you want to use any of the separately-compiled Boost libraries,
|
|
you'll need to acquire library binaries.</p>
|
|
<div class="section" id="simplified-build-from-source">
|
|
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id36">5.1 Simplified Build From Source</a></h2>
|
|
<p>If you wish to build from source with Visual C++, you can use a
|
|
simple build procedure described in this section. Open the command prompt
|
|
and change your current directory to the Boost root directory. Then, type
|
|
the following commands:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
bootstrap
|
|
.\b2
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>The first command prepares the Boost.Build system for use. The second
|
|
command invokes Boost.Build to build the separately-compiled Boost
|
|
libraries. Please consult the <a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/doc/html/index.html#bbv2.overview.invocation">Boost.Build documentation</a> for a list
|
|
of allowed options.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="or-build-binaries-from-source">
|
|
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id37">5.2 Or, Build Binaries From Source</a></h2>
|
|
<p>If you're using an earlier version of Visual C++, or a compiler
|
|
from another vendor, you'll need to use <a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/doc/html/index.html">Boost.Build</a> to create your
|
|
own binaries.</p>
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
<div class="section" id="install-boost-build">
|
|
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id38">5.2.1 Install Boost.Build</a></h3>
|
|
<p><a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/doc/html/index.html">Boost.Build</a> is a text-based system for developing, testing, and
|
|
installing software. First, you'll need to build and
|
|
install it. To do this:</p>
|
|
<ol class="arabic simple">
|
|
<li>Go to the directory <tt class="docutils literal">tools</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">build</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt>.</li>
|
|
<li>Run <tt class="docutils literal">bootstrap.bat</tt></li>
|
|
<li>Run <tt class="docutils literal">b2 install <span class="pre">--prefix=</span></tt><em>PREFIX</em> where <em>PREFIX</em> is
|
|
the directory where you want Boost.Build to be installed</li>
|
|
<li>Add <em>PREFIX</em><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">bin</tt> to your PATH environment variable.</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="identify-your-toolset">
|
|
<span id="toolset-name"></span><span id="toolset"></span><h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id39">5.2.2 Identify Your Toolset</a></h3>
|
|
<p>First, find the toolset corresponding to your compiler in the
|
|
following table (an up-to-date list is always available <a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/doc/html/index.html#bbv2.reference.tools">in the
|
|
Boost.Build documentation</a>).</p>
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
|
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
<p class="last">If you previously chose a toolset for the purposes of
|
|
<a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/doc/html/index.html#bbv2.installation">building b2</a>, you should assume it won't work and instead
|
|
choose newly from the table below.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<table border="1" class="docutils">
|
|
<colgroup>
|
|
<col width="12%" />
|
|
<col width="22%" />
|
|
<col width="66%" />
|
|
</colgroup>
|
|
<thead valign="bottom">
|
|
<tr><th class="head">Toolset
|
|
Name</th>
|
|
<th class="head">Vendor</th>
|
|
<th class="head">Notes</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody valign="top">
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">acc</tt></td>
|
|
<td>Hewlett Packard</td>
|
|
<td>Only very recent versions are known to work well with Boost</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">borland</tt></td>
|
|
<td>Borland</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">como</tt></td>
|
|
<td>Comeau Computing</td>
|
|
<td>Using this toolset may require <a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/doc/html/index.html">configuring</a> another
|
|
toolset to act as its backend.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">darwin</tt></td>
|
|
<td>Apple Computer</td>
|
|
<td>Apple's version of the GCC toolchain with support for
|
|
Darwin and MacOS X features such as frameworks.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">gcc</tt></td>
|
|
<td>The Gnu Project</td>
|
|
<td>Includes support for Cygwin and MinGW compilers.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">hp_cxx</tt></td>
|
|
<td>Hewlett Packard</td>
|
|
<td>Targeted at the Tru64 operating system.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">intel</tt></td>
|
|
<td>Intel</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">msvc</tt></td>
|
|
<td>Microsoft</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">sun</tt></td>
|
|
<td>Oracle</td>
|
|
<td>Only very recent versions are known to work well with
|
|
Boost. Note that the Oracle/Sun compiler has a large number
|
|
of options which effect binary compatibility: it is vital
|
|
that the libraries are built with the same options that your
|
|
appliction will use. In particular be aware that the default
|
|
standard library may not work well with Boost, <em>unless you
|
|
are building for C++11</em>. The particular compiler options you
|
|
need can be injected with the b2 command line options
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cxxflags=``and</span> ``linkflags=</tt>. For example to build with
|
|
the Apache standard library in C++03 mode use
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">b2 <span class="pre">cxxflags=-library=stdcxx4</span> <span class="pre">linkflags=-library=stdcxx4</span></tt>.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">vacpp</tt></td>
|
|
<td>IBM</td>
|
|
<td>The VisualAge C++ compiler.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>If you have multiple versions of a particular compiler installed,
|
|
you can append the version number to the toolset name, preceded by
|
|
a hyphen, e.g. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">intel-9.0</span></tt> or
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">borland-5.4.3</span></tt>. <strong>On Windows, append a version
|
|
number even if you only have one version installed</strong> (unless you
|
|
are using the msvc or gcc toolsets, which have special version
|
|
detection code) or <a class="reference internal" href="#auto-linking">auto-linking</a> will fail.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="select-a-build-directory">
|
|
<span id="id13"></span><span id="build-directory"></span><h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id40">5.2.3 Select a Build Directory</a></h3>
|
|
<p><a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/doc/html/index.html">Boost.Build</a> will place all intermediate files it generates while
|
|
building into the <strong>build directory</strong>. If your Boost root
|
|
directory is writable, this step isn't strictly necessary: by
|
|
default Boost.Build will create a <tt class="docutils literal">bin.v2/</tt> subdirectory for that
|
|
purpose in your current working directory.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="invoke-b2">
|
|
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id41">5.2.4 Invoke <tt class="docutils literal">b2</tt></a></h3>
|
|
<p>Change your current directory to the Boost root directory and
|
|
invoke <tt class="docutils literal">b2</tt> as follows:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
b2 <strong>--build-dir=</strong><a class="reference internal" href="#id13"><em>build-directory</em></a> <strong>toolset=</strong><a class="reference internal" href="#toolset-name"><em>toolset-name</em></a> <strong>--build-type=complete</strong> stage
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>For a complete description of these and other invocation options,
|
|
please see the <a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/doc/html/index.html#bbv2.overview.invocation">Boost.Build documentation</a>.</p>
|
|
<p>For example, your session might look like this:<a class="footnote-reference" href="#continuation" id="id15"><sup>3</sup></a></p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
C:\WINDOWS> cd <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">C:\Program</span> Files\boost\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt>
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">C:\Program</span> Files\boost\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt>> b2 <strong>^</strong>
|
|
More? <strong>--build-dir=</strong>"C:\Documents and Settings\dave\build-boost" <strong>^</strong>
|
|
More? <strong>--build-type=complete</strong> <strong>msvc</strong> stage
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>Be sure to read <a class="reference internal" href="#continuation">this note</a> about the appearance of <tt class="docutils literal">^</tt>,
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">More?</tt> and quotation marks (<tt class="docutils literal">"</tt>) in that line.</p>
|
|
<p>The option “<strong>--build-type=complete</strong>” causes Boost.Build to build
|
|
all supported variants of the libraries. For instructions on how to
|
|
build only specific variants, please ask on the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.boost.org/more/mailing_lists.htm#users">Boost Users' mailing
|
|
list</a>.</p>
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
<p>Building the special <tt class="docutils literal">stage</tt> target places Boost
|
|
library binaries in the <tt class="docutils literal">stage</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">lib</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\</tt> subdirectory of
|
|
the Boost tree. To use a different directory pass the
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--stagedir=</span></tt><em>directory</em> option to <tt class="docutils literal">b2</tt>.</p>
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
|
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
<p class="last"><tt class="docutils literal">b2</tt> is case-sensitive; it is important that all the
|
|
parts shown in <strong>bold</strong> type above be entirely lower-case.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>For a description of other options you can pass when invoking
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">b2</tt>, type:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
b2 --help
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>In particular, to limit the amount of time spent building, you may
|
|
be interested in:</p>
|
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|
<li>reviewing the list of library names with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--show-libraries</span></tt></li>
|
|
<li>limiting which libraries get built with the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--with-</span></tt><em>library-name</em> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--without-</span></tt><em>library-name</em> options</li>
|
|
<li>choosing a specific build variant by adding <tt class="docutils literal">release</tt> or
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">debug</tt> to the command line.</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
|
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
<p class="last">Boost.Build can produce a great deal of output, which can
|
|
make it easy to miss problems. If you want to make sure
|
|
everything is went well, you might redirect the output into a
|
|
file by appending “<tt class="docutils literal">>build.log <span class="pre">2>&1</span></tt>” to your command line.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="expected-build-output">
|
|
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id42">5.3 Expected Build Output</a></h2>
|
|
<p>During the process of building Boost libraries, you can expect to
|
|
see some messages printed on the console. These may include</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li><p class="first">Notices about Boost library configuration—for example, the Regex
|
|
library outputs a message about ICU when built without Unicode
|
|
support, and the Python library may be skipped without error (but
|
|
with a notice) if you don't have Python installed.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">Messages from the build tool that report the number of targets
|
|
that were built or skipped. Don't be surprised if those numbers
|
|
don't make any sense to you; there are many targets per library.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">Build action messages describing what the tool is doing, which
|
|
look something like:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
<em>toolset-name</em>.c++ <em>long</em>/<em>path</em>/<em>to</em>/<em>file</em>/<em>being</em>/<em>built</em>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first">Compiler warnings.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="in-case-of-build-errors">
|
|
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id43">5.4 In Case of Build Errors</a></h2>
|
|
<p>The only error messages you see when building Boost—if any—should
|
|
be related to the IOStreams library's support of zip and bzip2
|
|
formats as described <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/iostreams/doc/installation.html">here</a>. Install the relevant development
|
|
packages for libz and libbz2 if you need those features. Other
|
|
errors when building Boost libraries are cause for concern.</p>
|
|
<p>If it seems like the build system can't find your compiler and/or
|
|
linker, consider setting up a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">user-config.jam</span></tt> file as described
|
|
<a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/doc/html/index.html#bbv2.overview.configuration">here</a>. If that isn't your problem or the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">user-config.jam</span></tt> file
|
|
doesn't work for you, please address questions about configuring Boost
|
|
for your compiler to the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.boost.org/more/mailing_lists.htm#users">Boost Users' mailing list</a>.</p>
|
|
<span class="target" id="auto-linking"></span><!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="link-your-program-to-a-boost-library">
|
|
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id44">6 Link Your Program to a Boost Library</a></h1>
|
|
<p>To demonstrate linking with a Boost binary library, we'll use the
|
|
following simple program that extracts the subject lines from
|
|
emails. It uses the <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/regex/index.html">Boost.Regex</a> library, which has a
|
|
separately-compiled binary component.</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
#include <boost/regex.hpp>
|
|
#include <iostream>
|
|
#include <string>
|
|
|
|
int main()
|
|
{
|
|
std::string line;
|
|
boost::regex pat( "^Subject: (Re: |Aw: )*(.*)" );
|
|
|
|
while (std::cin)
|
|
{
|
|
std::getline(std::cin, line);
|
|
boost::smatch matches;
|
|
if (boost::regex_match(line, matches, pat))
|
|
std::cout << matches[2] << std::endl;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>There are two main challenges associated with linking:</p>
|
|
<ol class="arabic simple">
|
|
<li>Tool configuration, e.g. choosing command-line options or IDE
|
|
build settings.</li>
|
|
<li>Identifying the library binary, among all the build variants,
|
|
whose compile configuration is compatible with the rest of your
|
|
project.</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
<div class="admonition admonition-auto-linking">
|
|
<p class="first admonition-title">Auto-Linking</p>
|
|
<p>Most Windows compilers and linkers have so-called “auto-linking
|
|
support,” which eliminates the second challenge. Special code in
|
|
Boost header files detects your compiler options and uses that
|
|
information to encode the name of the correct library into your
|
|
object files; the linker selects the library with that name from
|
|
the directories you've told it to search.</p>
|
|
<p class="last">The GCC toolchains (Cygwin and MinGW) are notable exceptions;
|
|
GCC users should refer to the <a class="reference external" href="unix-variants.html#link-your-program-to-a-boost-library">linking instructions for Unix
|
|
variant OSes</a> for the appropriate command-line options to use.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="link-from-within-the-visual-studio-ide">
|
|
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id45">6.1 Link From Within the Visual Studio IDE</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Starting with the <a class="reference internal" href="#vs-header-only">header-only example project</a> we created
|
|
earlier:</p>
|
|
<ol class="arabic simple">
|
|
<li>Right-click <strong>example</strong> in the <em>Solution Explorer</em> pane and
|
|
select <em>Properties</em> from the resulting pop-up menu</li>
|
|
<li>In <em>Configuration Properties</em> > <em>Linker</em> > <em>Additional Library
|
|
Directories</em>, enter the path to the Boost binaries,
|
|
e.g. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">C:\Program</span> Files\boost\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\lib\</tt>.</li>
|
|
<li>From the <em>Build</em> menu, select <em>Build Solution</em>.</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#test-your-program"><em>skip to the next step</em></a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="or-link-from-the-command-prompt">
|
|
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id46">6.2 Or, Link From the Command Prompt</a></h2>
|
|
<p>For example, we can compile and link the above program from the
|
|
Visual C++ command-line by simply adding the <strong>bold</strong> text below to
|
|
the command line we used earlier, assuming your Boost binaries are
|
|
in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">C:\Program</span> Files\boost\</tt><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt><tt class="docutils literal">\lib</tt>:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
cl /EHsc /I <em>path\to\</em><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt> example.cpp <strong>^</strong>
|
|
<strong>/link /LIBPATH:</strong><strong>C:\Program Files\boost\</strong><strong>boost_1_82_0</strong><strong>\lib</strong>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="library-naming">
|
|
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id47">6.3 Library Naming</a></h2>
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
|
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
<p>If, like Visual C++, your compiler supports auto-linking,
|
|
you can probably <a class="reference internal" href="#test-your-program"><em>skip to the next step</em></a>.</p>
|
|
<blockquote class="last">
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
<p>In order to choose the right binary for your build configuration
|
|
you need to know how Boost binaries are named. Each library
|
|
filename is composed of a common sequence of elements that describe
|
|
how it was built. For example,
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libboost_regex-vc71-mt-d-x86-1_34.lib</span></tt> can be broken down into the
|
|
following elements:</p>
|
|
<dl class="docutils">
|
|
<dt><tt class="docutils literal">lib</tt></dt>
|
|
<dd><em>Prefix</em>: except on Microsoft Windows, every Boost library
|
|
name begins with this string. On Windows, only ordinary static
|
|
libraries use the <tt class="docutils literal">lib</tt> prefix; import libraries and DLLs do
|
|
not.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#distinct" id="id23"><sup>5</sup></a></dd>
|
|
<dt><tt class="docutils literal">boost_regex</tt></dt>
|
|
<dd><em>Library name</em>: all boost library filenames begin with <tt class="docutils literal">boost_</tt>.</dd>
|
|
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-vc71</span></tt></dt>
|
|
<dd><em>Toolset tag</em>: identifies the <a class="reference internal" href="#toolset">toolset</a> and version used to build
|
|
the binary.</dd>
|
|
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-mt</span></tt></dt>
|
|
<dd><em>Threading tag</em>: indicates that the library was
|
|
built with multithreading support enabled. Libraries built
|
|
without multithreading support can be identified by the absence
|
|
of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-mt</span></tt>.</dd>
|
|
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-d</span></tt></dt>
|
|
<dd><p class="first"><em>ABI tag</em>: encodes details that affect the library's
|
|
interoperability with other compiled code. For each such
|
|
feature, a single letter is added to the tag:</p>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<table border="1" class="docutils">
|
|
<colgroup>
|
|
<col width="5%" />
|
|
<col width="75%" />
|
|
<col width="20%" />
|
|
</colgroup>
|
|
<thead valign="bottom">
|
|
<tr><th class="head">Key</th>
|
|
<th class="head">Use this library when:</th>
|
|
<th class="head">Boost.Build option</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody valign="top">
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">s</tt></td>
|
|
<td>linking statically to the C++ standard library and compiler runtime support
|
|
libraries.</td>
|
|
<td>runtime-link=static</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">g</tt></td>
|
|
<td>using debug versions of the standard and runtime support libraries.</td>
|
|
<td>runtime-debugging=on</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">y</tt></td>
|
|
<td>using a special <a class="reference external" href="../../libs/python/doc/html/building/python_debugging_builds.html">debug build of Python</a>.</td>
|
|
<td>python-debugging=on</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">d</tt></td>
|
|
<td>building a debug version of your code.<a class="footnote-reference" href="#debug-abi" id="id24"><sup>6</sup></a></td>
|
|
<td>variant=debug</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">p</tt></td>
|
|
<td>using the STLPort standard library rather than the default one supplied with
|
|
your compiler.</td>
|
|
<td>stdlib=stlport</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
<p class="last">For example, if you build a debug version of your code for use
|
|
with debug versions of the static runtime library and the
|
|
STLPort standard library,
|
|
the tag would be: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-sgdp</span></tt>. If none of the above apply, the
|
|
ABI tag is ommitted.</p>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-x86</span></tt></dt>
|
|
<dd><p class="first"><em>Architecture and address model tag</em>: in the first letter, encodes the architecture as follows:</p>
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<table border="1" class="docutils">
|
|
<colgroup>
|
|
<col width="11%" />
|
|
<col width="41%" />
|
|
<col width="48%" />
|
|
</colgroup>
|
|
<thead valign="bottom">
|
|
<tr><th class="head">Key</th>
|
|
<th class="head">Architecture</th>
|
|
<th class="head">Boost.Build option</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody valign="top">
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">x</tt></td>
|
|
<td>x86-32, x86-64</td>
|
|
<td>architecture=x86</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">a</tt></td>
|
|
<td>ARM</td>
|
|
<td>architecture=arm</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">i</tt></td>
|
|
<td>IA-64</td>
|
|
<td>architecture=ia64</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">s</tt></td>
|
|
<td>Sparc</td>
|
|
<td>architecture=sparc</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">m</tt></td>
|
|
<td>MIPS/SGI</td>
|
|
<td>architecture=mips*</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">p</tt></td>
|
|
<td>RS/6000 & PowerPC</td>
|
|
<td>architecture=power</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
<p>The two digits following the letter encode the address model as follows:</p>
|
|
<blockquote class="last">
|
|
<table border="1" class="docutils">
|
|
<colgroup>
|
|
<col width="13%" />
|
|
<col width="40%" />
|
|
<col width="47%" />
|
|
</colgroup>
|
|
<thead valign="bottom">
|
|
<tr><th class="head">Key</th>
|
|
<th class="head">Address model</th>
|
|
<th class="head">Boost.Build option</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody valign="top">
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">32</tt></td>
|
|
<td>32 bit</td>
|
|
<td>address-model=32</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal">64</tt></td>
|
|
<td>64 bit</td>
|
|
<td>address-model=64</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
</dd>
|
|
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-1_34</span></tt></dt>
|
|
<dd><em>Version tag</em>: the full Boost release number, with periods
|
|
replaced by underscores. For example, version 1.31.1 would be
|
|
tagged as "-1_31_1".</dd>
|
|
<dt><tt class="docutils literal">.lib</tt></dt>
|
|
<dd><em>Extension</em>: determined according to the operating system's usual
|
|
convention. On most unix-style platforms the extensions are
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">.a</tt> and <tt class="docutils literal">.so</tt> for static libraries (archives) and shared
|
|
libraries, respectively. On Windows, <tt class="docutils literal">.dll</tt> indicates a shared
|
|
library and <tt class="docutils literal">.lib</tt> indicates a
|
|
static or import library. Where supported by toolsets on unix
|
|
variants, a full version extension is added (e.g. ".so.1.34") and
|
|
a symbolic link to the library file, named without the trailing
|
|
version number, will also be created.</dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
<!-- .. _Boost.Build toolset names: toolset-name_ -->
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="test-your-program">
|
|
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id48">6.4 Test Your Program</a></h2>
|
|
<p>To test our subject extraction, we'll filter the following text
|
|
file. Copy it out of your browser and save it as <tt class="docutils literal">jayne.txt</tt>:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
To: George Shmidlap
|
|
From: Rita Marlowe
|
|
Subject: Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter?
|
|
---
|
|
See subject.
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>Now, in a <a class="reference internal" href="#command-prompt">command prompt</a> window, type:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
<em>path</em>\<em>to</em>\<em>compiled</em>\example < <em>path</em>\<em>to</em>\jayne.txt
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>The program should respond with the email subject, “Will Success
|
|
Spoil Rock Hunter?”</p>
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="conclusion-and-further-resources">
|
|
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id49">7 Conclusion and Further Resources</a></h1>
|
|
<p>This concludes your introduction to Boost and to integrating it
|
|
with your programs. As you start using Boost in earnest, there are
|
|
surely a few additional points you'll wish we had covered. One day
|
|
we may have a “Book 2 in the Getting Started series” that addresses
|
|
them. Until then, we suggest you pursue the following resources.
|
|
If you can't find what you need, or there's anything we can do to
|
|
make this document clearer, please post it to the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.boost.org/more/mailing_lists.htm#users">Boost Users'
|
|
mailing list</a>.</p>
|
|
<ul class="simple">
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../tools/build/doc/html/index.html">Boost.Build reference manual</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="http://www.boost.org/more/mailing_lists.htm#users">Boost Users' mailing list</a></li>
|
|
<li><a class="reference external" href="../../libs/index.html">Index of all Boost library documentation</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<div class="admonition admonition-onward">
|
|
<p class="first admonition-title">Onward</p>
|
|
<blockquote class="epigraph last">
|
|
<p>Good luck, and have fun!</p>
|
|
<p class="attribution">—the Boost Developers</p>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<hr class="docutils" />
|
|
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="zip" rules="none">
|
|
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
|
|
<tbody valign="top">
|
|
<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id2">[1]</a></td><td>We recommend
|
|
downloading <a class="reference external" href="http://www.boost.org/users/history/version_1_82_0.html"><tt class="docutils literal">boost_1_82_0</tt><tt class="docutils literal">.7z</tt></a> and using <a class="reference external" href="http://www.7-zip.org">7-Zip</a> to decompress
|
|
it. We no longer recommend .zip files for Boost because they are twice
|
|
as large as the equivalent .7z files. We don't recommend using Windows'
|
|
built-in decompression as it can be painfully slow for large archives.</td></tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="pch" rules="none">
|
|
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
|
|
<tbody valign="top">
|
|
<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id6">[2]</a></td><td>There's no problem using Boost with precompiled headers;
|
|
these instructions merely avoid precompiled headers because it
|
|
would require Visual Studio-specific changes to the source code
|
|
used in the examples.</td></tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="continuation" rules="none">
|
|
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
|
|
<tbody valign="top">
|
|
<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id15">[3]</a></td><td><p class="first">In this example, the caret character <tt class="docutils literal">^</tt> is a
|
|
way of continuing the command on multiple lines, and must be the
|
|
<strong>final character</strong> used on the line to be continued (i.e. do
|
|
not follow it with spaces). The command prompt responds with
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">More?</tt> to prompt for more input. Feel free to omit the
|
|
carets and subsequent newlines; we used them so the example
|
|
would fit on a page of reasonable width.</p>
|
|
<p>The command prompt treats each bit of whitespace in the command
|
|
as an argument separator. That means quotation marks (<tt class="docutils literal">"</tt>)
|
|
are required to keep text together whenever a single
|
|
command-line argument contains spaces, as in</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
--build-dir=<span class="raw-html"><strong style="background-color:#B4FFB4">"</strong></span>C:\Documents<span class="raw-html"><strong style="color:#B4B4B4; background-color:#B4FFB4">_</strong></span>and<span class="raw-html"><strong style="color:#B4B4B4; background-color:#B4FFB4">_</strong></span>Settings\dave\build-boost<span class="raw-html"><strong style="background-color:#B4FFB4">"</strong></span>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>Also, for example, you can't add spaces around the <tt class="docutils literal">=</tt> sign as in</p>
|
|
<pre class="last literal-block">
|
|
--build-dir<span class="raw-html"><strong style="color:#B4B4B4; background-color:#FFB4B4">_</strong></span>=<span class="raw-html"><strong style="color:#B4B4B4; background-color:#FFB4B4">_</strong></span>"C:\Documents and Settings\dave\build-boost"
|
|
</pre>
|
|
</td></tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="warnings" rules="none">
|
|
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
|
|
<tbody valign="top">
|
|
<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id8">[4]</a></td><td>Remember that warnings are specific to each compiler
|
|
implementation. The developer of a given Boost library might
|
|
not have access to your compiler. Also, some warnings are
|
|
extremely difficult to eliminate in generic code, to the point
|
|
where it's not worth the trouble. Finally, some compilers don't
|
|
have any source code mechanism for suppressing warnings.</td></tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="distinct" rules="none">
|
|
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
|
|
<tbody valign="top">
|
|
<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id23">[5]</a></td><td>This convention distinguishes the static version of
|
|
a Boost library from the import library for an
|
|
identically-configured Boost DLL, which would otherwise have the
|
|
same name.</td></tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="debug-abi" rules="none">
|
|
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
|
|
<tbody valign="top">
|
|
<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id24">[6]</a></td><td>These libraries were compiled without optimization
|
|
or inlining, with full debug symbols enabled, and without
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">NDEBUG</tt> <tt class="docutils literal">#define</tt>d. Although it's true that sometimes
|
|
these choices don't affect binary compatibility with other
|
|
compiled code, you can't count on that with Boost libraries.</td></tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
<!-- This file contains all the definitions that need to be updated -->
|
|
<!-- for each new release of Boost. -->
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2006. Distributed under the Boost -->
|
|
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
|
|
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|